Chapter 7&8 Muscle& Bone System

Front 1

Describe the role the skeletal systme plays in each of the following functions Support, protection, muscle attachment, blood prodution, store minerals

Back 1

supports the weight ot the body and structures of the body, protects the brain and thoracic cavity hear lungs, moves levers that attatch to the muscles red bone marrow Stores minerals calicum and phosphorates

Front 2

What are some of the various tissues that are contained with in the bone?

Back 2

Bone, Blood, nervous cartilage and dense connective tissue

Front 3

Expanded ends of bones that form joints wiht adjacent bones are called?`

Back 3

epiphysis articlulates

Front 4

What covers the ends of the joints?

Back 4

hyaline cartilage

Front 5

The shaft of the bone is called what?

Back 5

Diaphysis

Front 6

What type of bone makes up the outside of the diaphysis?

Back 6

Compact bone

Front 7

What is the tough layer of vascular connective tissue called?

Back 7

periosteum

Front 8

The hollow chamber in the compact bone or the diaphysis is what?

Back 8

medullary cavity

Front 9

Bones form by replacing connective tissue in the fetus are called?

Back 9

Intramembranous bone ( skull bones?

Front 10

Endochrodral bones are formed how?

Back 10

They begin as masses of cartilage that bone tissue later replaces (skeleton bones)

Front 11

Cells of the membranous connective tissue that lie outside the developing bone give rise to the outer covering called the?

Back 11

periosteum

Front 12

What is the fontanel?

Back 12

The soft spot on baby head covered with membrane tissue

Front 13

What is the Axial part of the body?

Back 13

Skull, hyoid bone, vertebral column and thorax

Front 14

What is the Appendicular part of the body

Back 14

arms and legs pectoral girdle, upper limbs pelvic girdle and lower limbs

Front 15

The skull is made up of how many bones?

Back 15

22

Front 16

how many bones are cranial?

Back 16

8

Front 17

how many bones are facial?

Back 17

13

Front 18

what makes up the cheeks?

Back 18

zygomatic

Front 19

which two form the nasal septum?

Back 19

Vomer

Front 20

Which form the hard palate?

Back 20

Maxilla and the palatine

Front 21

Which two for m the zygomatic arch?

Back 21

the sygomatic and the temperal

Front 22

Which two contain the teeth

Back 22

the maxilla and the mandable

Front 23

What is the drum shaped part of the vertebrae called that supports the weight of the head and the trunk?

Back 23

the body

Front 24

What is the name of the tow lateral processes?

Back 24

pedicle

Front 25

What is the function of the pedicle?

Back 25

Form the sides of the vertibral column ( spinal cord)

Front 26

What is the name of the dorsal process?

Back 26

laminae

Front 27

Nave the first two vertebrae

Back 27

Atlas and axis

Front 28

How many lumbar vertebrae are there?

Back 28

five

Front 29

What is the anatomical name for tail bone?

Back 29

Coccyx

Front 30

How many vertibrae dose the tail bone have or the coccyx

Back 30

four

Front 31

What makes and incomplete ring that supports the upper limbs?

Back 31

The pectoral girdle

Front 32

The what can be recognized because it forms and s shape?

Back 32

Clavical

Front 33

What is the longer of the two bones that makes up the forearm?

Back 33

The ulna

Front 34

The what is located on the thumb side of the forearm?

Back 34

The radius

Front 35

The wrist consist of what bones?

Back 35

8 carpal bones

Front 36

What does the pelvic girdle consist of for bones?

Back 36

Two coxal and the sacram

Front 37

What does the pelvic girdle support?

Back 37

The trunk of the body on the lower limbs

Front 38

What is the largest portion of the coxal bone

Back 38

the iluim

Front 39

What forms the L shaped portion of the coxal bone during sitting?

Back 39

the Ischium

Front 40

What porvides the framework for the thigh?

Back 40

The bones of the lower limb

Front 41

what is the longest bone in the body?

Back 41

the Femar

Front 42

What suppors the wight of the body and articulates wiht the femar?

Back 42

The Tibia

Front 43

What bone does not bear weight?

Back 43

The fibula

Front 44

How many tarsal bones is the ankle composed of?

Back 44

seven

Front 45

Tendons and ligaments are attatched to which part of the body?

Back 45

periosteum

Front 46

How many cranial bones are there?

Back 46

eight

Front 47

how many facial bones are there

Back 47

14

Front 48

The cranial bones and facial bones make up what?

Back 48

The skull

Front 49

living bone consist of

Back 49

marrow blood nerves and cartilage

Front 50

non living bone consist of

Back 50

bone matrix

Front 51

Bone growth in childhood and adolescence occurs in

Back 51

The periostem

Front 52

Adults have red marrow in

Back 52

the spongy bone ribs and pelvic

Front 53

A muscle fiber is what?

Back 53

Muscle cells

Front 54

Individual muscle cells are separated by what?

Back 54

endomysium

Front 55

Skeletal muscles contain what?

Back 55

many nuclei and mitochondria

Front 56

Sarcoplasim is what part of a cell?

Back 56

Cytoplasm

Front 57

Sarcolemma is what part of a cell?

Back 57

Cell membrane

Front 58

sacoplasmic reticulum is what part of the cell?

Back 58

endoplasmic reticulum

Front 59

sarcoplasim contains what part of the cell

Back 59

myofibral, nucleus and mitchondria

Front 60

Cardiac muscles have very rapid response due to what feature?

Back 60

intercalated disk

Front 61

What is the difference between smooth muscle and skeletal muscle?

Back 61

Smooth muscle contracts and relaxes more rapidly than skeletal muscle

Front 62

what are fascicals?

Back 62

bundles of muscle fibers?

Front 63

myofibrils are composed of what filaments?

Back 63

myosis (thick) and actin (thin)

Front 64

Muscle organs are comprised of what tissues?

Back 64

Skeletal muscle, connective, nervous and blood tissue.

Front 65

Layers of cnnective tissue that closely surround a skelatal muscle ( inside the fascia) are what?

Back 65

Epimysium outside

Front 66

What tissue surrounds and seperates each muscle from surrounding muscles?

Back 66

fascia

Front 67

What seperates the muscle tissue (individual bundles of fibers) into small compartments?

Back 67

The perimysium

Front 68

The compartments of bundles or skeletal muscles fibers are called

Back 68

fasicles

Front 69

each muscle fibers within a fasicle have a thin covering called an

Back 69

endomysium (inside)

Front 70

Energy for contraction comes form molecules of what?

Back 70

ATP adenosine triphosphate

Front 71

what accumulates as an end product of anaerobic respiration?

Back 71

Lactic

Front 72

Muscle craps occur due to the lack of what?

Back 72

ATP

Front 73

A muscle fiver remains unresponsive to stimulation unless the stimulus is of certain strength this strengh is called?

Back 73

Threshold

Front 74

Elongated ends are tappered on what kind of muscle cell?

Back 74

smooth muscle

Front 75

How is a smooth muscle different that a skeletal muscle?

Back 75

they do not have striations

Front 76

a rectangular shaped cell wiht one nucleus is what kind of cell

Back 76

cardiac muscle cell

Front 77

The immovable end of a muscle is the

Back 77

Origin

Front 78

the moveable end of a muscle is the?

Back 78

insertion

Front 79

When a muscle contracts what does it do?

Back 79

pulls the insertion towards the origin.

Front 80

Temporalis muscle does what?

Back 80

closes the jaw

Front 81

what does the sternocleidomastiod muscle do?

Back 81

pulls the head toward the chest

Front 82

What does the trapezius do?

Back 82

raises the arm

Front 83

pectoralis muscle does what

Back 83

pulles arms anterior toward the front

Front 84

latissimus dorsi does what?

Back 84

extends arms

Front 85

external obliques do what?

Back 85

tenses the wall of the abdoment

Front 86

Gluteus maximus does what?

Back 86

extends the thigh

Front 87

Glueteus medius does what?

Back 87

moves thigh away

Front 88

sartoruis does what?

Back 88

flexes thigh

Front 89

Rectus femoris does what

Back 89

extends leg at knee

Front 90

tibialis anterior does what

Back 90

dorsoflexion of the foot