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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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creatinine
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a waste product of muscle metabolism; nitrogenous waste excreted in urine
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urea
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major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine
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uric acid
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nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine
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Bowman capsule
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cup-shaped capsule surrounding each glomerulus
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renal tubule
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microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration. In the renal tubule, the composition of urine is altered by the processes of reabsorption and secretion
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carries blood away from the kidney
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Renal Vein
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Potassium (K+)
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a salt (electrolyte) secreted from the bloodstream into the renal tubules to leave the body in urine
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Sodium (Na+)
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a salt (electrolyte) regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys
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the combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney
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nephron
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renal pelvis
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basin-like area in the central region of the kidney
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calyces or calices (singular: calyx or calix)
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are small, cup like regions of the renal pelvis
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Urea is formed where?
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In the liver. It is a major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine
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renin
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an enzymatic hormone synthesized, stored and secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels)
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erythropoietin (EPO)
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a hormone that stimulates red blood cell formation in the bone marrow
-poietin = substance that forms |
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electrolyte
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a chemical that carries an electrical charge in a solution. examples are potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+)
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filteration
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passive process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter or other material. blood pressure forces materials through the filter. about 180 quarts of fluid are filtered from the blood daily, but the kidney returns 98 to 99 percent of the water and salts. only about 1.5 quarts (1500mL) of urine are excreted daily
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trigone
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triangular area in the bladder where the ureters enter and the urethra exits
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hilum
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a depression in the medial border of the kidney. Nerves & blood vessels pass through it
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micturition
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urination; process of expelling (avoiding) urine
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As blood passes through the glomeruli, its thin walls permit water, salts, & urea (with other nitrogenous wastes such as______) to leave the bloodstream.
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creatinine & uric acid
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The __________which surrounds each glomerulus, collects the nitrogenous wastes (urea, uric acid & creatinine)
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bowman capsule
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Attached to each bowman capsule is a long twisted tube called_____
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renal tubule
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Final process in forming urine is ___________ of some toxic substances from the blood (acids, drugs, & potassium).
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secretion
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All collecting tubules lead to the _______, a basin like area in the central part of the kidney.
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renal pelvis
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