Chapter 7, The Wrist And Hand Joints

Front 1

how many bones are in the hand?

Back 1

29

Front 2

how many joints are in the hand?

Back 2

more than 25

Front 3

how many muscles are in the hand?

Back 3

more than 30, 18 of which are intrinsic

Front 4

there are ___carpal bones with __rows of ___ that form the wrist...

Back 4

8,2,4

Front 5

there are how many metacarpal bones?

Back 5

5

Front 6

there are how many phalanges (digits)?

Back 6

14

Front 7

how are the phalanges layed out?

Back 7

3 for each phalange, and two for the thumb, they are proximal middle and distal

Front 8

the thumb has a sesamoid bone its flexor tendon. T/F?

Back 8

true

Front 9

how many digits are there?

Back 9

5

Front 10

what is another way to describe the fingers?

Back 10

4 digits and a thumb

Front 11

how many carpal bones are there?

Back 11

8

Front 12

what are the bones in order from the proximal row from radial to ulnar side?

Back 12

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

Front 13

what are the bones in order from the distal row from radial to ulnar side?

Back 13

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Front 14

which carpal bon is the most frequently injured?

Back 14

scaphoid

Front 15

what causes the injury most of the time to the scaphoid?

Back 15

falling on a outstretched hand

Front 16

what motions does the wrist allow?

Back 16

flexion, extension, and radial and ulnar deviation

Front 17

the motions of the wrist occur through what?

Back 17

the distal radius, and proximal carpal row

Front 18

how many joints does each finger have?

Back 18

3

Front 19

what are the 3 classifications of finger joints?

Back 19

Metacarpophalangeal (MCP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), Distal interphalangeal (DIP)

Front 20

the MCP joint has how many degrees of extension and how many degrees of flexion?

Back 20

0 to 40 for extension, and 85-100 for flexion

Front 21

the PIP joint has has full extension up to what?

Back 21

90 to 120 degrees flexion

Front 22

DIP joint flexes 80 to 90 degrees from full?

Back 22

extension

Front 23

the thumb joint has what 2 joints?

Back 23

metacarpophalangeal (MCP), and interphalangeal (IP)

Front 24

what motions does the MCP of the thumb have from full extension?

Back 24

it can go into 40-90 degrees of flexion

Front 25

the IP joing can flex what degrees?

Back 25

80-90

Front 26

what is the 3rd joint of the thumb?

Back 26

the carpometacarpal joint (CMC)

Front 27

what are the degrees of extesnsion for the CMC?

Back 27

50-70 degrees

Front 28

the thumbs CMC joint can flex how many degees and extend how many degrees?

Back 28

flexion is 15-45 degrees, and the thumb can extend 0-20 degrees

Front 29

name the 5 movements the thumb can complete.

Back 29

neutral, extension, flexion, opposition, and flexion

Front 30

the wrist does what 4 motions?

Back 30

radial and ulnar deviation, flexion, and extension

Front 31

what motions do the fingers do?

Back 31

flexion and extension, and the MCP joints also abduct and adduct

Front 32

what is digit abduction?

Back 32

movement of fingers away from the middle finger

Front 33

what is digit adduction?

Back 33

movement of fingers together, towards middle finger

Front 34

what is opposition?

Back 34

movement of the thumb across the palmar aspect to oppose any or all of the phalanges

Front 35

what is reopposition?

Back 35

movement of thumb as it returns to anatomical poistion from opposition with hand or fingers

Front 36

the muscles that flex and extend the wrist, do they help move fingers and thumb too?

Back 36

no they do not.

Front 37

name the three wrist flexors?

Back 37

flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, palmaris longus

Front 38

name the three wrist extensors?

Back 38

extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 39

the 3 wrist flexors only cross what?

Back 39

to the carpals

Front 40

name the anteromedial flexors of the phalanges?

Back 40

flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus (thumb flexor)

Front 41

name the posterolateral extensors of the fingers?

Back 41

extensor digitorum, extensor indicis (index finger), extensor digiti minimi, extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

Front 42

what is the thumb and wrists abductor?

Back 42

abductor pollicis longus

Front 43

wrist flexors are going to origin on what?

Back 43

anteromedial aspect of proximal forearm and medial epicondyle of humerus

Front 44

wrist extensors generally have origins on?

Back 44

posterolateral aspect of proximal forearm and lateral epicondyle on humerus

Front 45

wrist radial deviators cross what?

Back 45

wrist joint anterolaterally and posterolaterall to insert on radial side of hand

Front 46

what are the wrist deviators?

Back 46

flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radalis longus, exensor carpi radialis brevis, abductor pollicis longus, extesor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis

Front 47

wrist ulnar deviators cross wrist joint ?

Back 47

anteromedially, and posteromedially to insert on ulnar side of hand

Front 48

what are the wrist ulnar deviators?

Back 48

flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris

Front 49

what are the actions of the flexor carpi radialis muscle?

Back 49

flexion of the wrist, radial deviation of the wrist, weak flexion of the elbow, weak pronation of the forearm

Front 50

what are the actions of the palmaris longus muscle?

Back 50

flexion of the wrist, weak elbow flexion

Front 51

what are the actions of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle?

Back 51

flexion of the wrist, ulnar deviation of the wrist, weak flexion of the elbow

Front 52

what are the actions of the extensor carpi ulnaris muscle?

Back 52

extension of the wrist, ulnar deviation of the wrist, weak extension of the elbow

Front 53

flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris work together to perform what?

Back 53

ulnar deviation

Front 54

extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle does what actions?

Back 54

extension of the wrist, radial deviation, weak elbow flexion

Front 55

extensor carpi radialis longus performs what actions?

Back 55

extension of the wrist, radial deviation of the wrist, weak elbow flexion, weak pronation to neutral from a fully supinated position

Front 56

flexor digitorum superficialis performs what actions?

Back 56

flexion of fiingers at MCP and PIP joints, flexion of the wrist, weak flexion of the elbow

Front 57

the flexor digitorum profundus performs what actions?

Back 57

flexion of the 4 fingers at all three joints, flexion of the wrist

Front 58

the actions of the flexor pollicis longus performs what actions?

Back 58

flexion of all 3 thumb joints, flexion of the wrist, radial deviation of the wrist

Front 59

extensor digitorum performs what actions?

Back 59

extension of 2,3,4,5th phalanges at MCP and IP joints, extension of the wrist, weak elbow extension

Front 60

extensor indicis performs what actions?

Back 60

extension of index finger at MCP joint, weak wrist extension, weak supination of a forearm from a pronated position

Front 61

extensor digit minimi performs what actions?

Back 61

extension of middle finger at MCP joints, weak wrist extension, weak elbow extension

Front 62

the extensor pollicis longus does what actions?

Back 62

extension of the thumb at all 3 joints, extension of the wrist, radial deviation, weak supination of forearm from a pronated position

Front 63

extensor pollicis brevis does what actions?

Back 63

extension of the thumb at CMC and MCP joints, radial deviation, weak wrist extension

Front 64

what are the actions of the abductor pollicis longus?

Back 64

abduction of the thumb at CMC joint, radial deviation, extension of the thumb at CMC joint

Front 65

what is thenar eminence?

Back 65

muscular pad on palmar surface of 1st metacarpal

Front 66

what is hypothenar eminence?

Back 66

muscular pad that forms ulnarborder on palmar surface