Chapter 7 The American Revolution

Front 1

Who was the commander of the Colonial Army?

Back 1

George Washington

Front 2

Who was a patriot?

Back 2

A colonist that supported America's independence from England

Front 3

What army was made up of untrained and undisciplined volunteers?

Back 3

The Continental Army

Front 4

How do we know the Second Continental Congress expected the war for independence to be short?

Back 4

Volunteers were asked to only serve one year.

Front 5

Who was a loyalist?

Back 5

A colonist that supported King George and England.

Front 6

How was American society divided over the issue of independence?

Back 6

Patriots (40-45%)
Neutral (40%)
Loyalists (15 - 20%)

Front 7

In which region of the country would you find most loyalists?

Back 7

In the South.

Front 8

What created the Continental Army?

Back 8

The Second Continental Congress

Front 9

Who was Mary Hays?

Back 9

An American Patriot that risked her life to bring soldiers water in battle. She was called "Molly Pitcher."

Front 10

Who was Deborah Sampson?

Back 10

An American Patriot that dressed as a man, enlisted, and fought for the Continental Army.

Front 11

Which British general defeated Washington both in New York and at the Battle of Brandywine in Pennsylvania?

Back 11

General William Howe

Front 12

Who forced the British to retreat from Boston in March of 1776?

Back 12

George Washington

Front 13

What is a mercenary?

Back 13

A soldier that fights for another country for money.

Front 14

Who were the Hessians?

Back 14

German mercenaries that fought for Britain in the American Revolutionary War

Front 15

Which American general served well at the Battles of Saratoga and later became a traitor?

Back 15

General Benedict Arnold

Front 16

What was a positive consequence of the Battles of Saratoga?

Back 16

European countries started to believe America could win their war for independence.

Front 17

What was a negative consequence of the Battles of Saratoga?

Back 17

Since Benedict Arnold did not receive recongnition for his heroic acts, he became a traitor.

Front 18

Who surredndered to the Continental Army at the Battles of Saratoga?

Back 18

British General Burgoyne

Front 19

What did King Louis XVI of France do after hearing of the American victories at the Battles of Saratoga?

Back 19

He recognized the United States as an independent country and signed two treaties of alliance with the United States.

Front 20

Which U.S. naval officer was the Commander of the Bonhomme Richard and won a sea battle against the Serapis, Britain's warship?

Back 20

John Paul Jones

Front 21

What is a strategy?

Back 21

An overall plan of action

Front 22

What is a rendezvous (Rahn day voo)?

Back 22

A meeting

Front 23

What is the belief that government should be based on the consent of the people (the people should rule not a king)?

Back 23

Republicanism

Front 24

To leave military duty without intending to return.

Back 24

Desert

Front 25

A privately owned ship that a wartime government gives permission to attack an enemy.

Back 25

Privateer

Front 26

The 19-year-old French nobelman that volunteered to serve Washington's Continental Army.

Back 26

Marquis de Lafayette

Front 27

Why did the British plan to seize the Hudson River Valley?

Back 27

They wanted to cut off New England from the other states.

Front 28

Which European country gave secret aid to the Americans in 1776?

Back 28

France gave secret aid to the United States during the early part of the war.

Front 29

Why would France support the war for American independence?

Back 29

France wanted to take revenge on the British for the French and Indian War.

Front 30

Why would Spain support the war for American independence?

Back 30

Spain supported the war for American independence because she was Britain's rival and France's ally.

Front 31

What is a guerilla?

Back 31

A soldier who weakens the enemy with surprise raids and hit-and-run attacks.

Front 32

What was the last major battle of the American Revolutionary War ending on October 19, 1781?

Back 32

The Battle of Yorktown was the last major battle of the American Revolution.

Front 33

Which British general surrendered his army of 8,000 men at the Battle of Yorktown?

Back 33

General Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown.

Front 34

What treaty ended the American Revoultionary War clearly making the United States an independent country?

Back 34

The Treaty of Paris 1783 ended the American Revolutionary War.

Front 35

Which Germarn officer trained Washington's army at Valley Forge into a cohesive disciplined fighting force?

Back 35

Baron von Steuben trained Washinton's army at Valley Forge.

Front 36

What event occurred on December 25, 1777?

Back 36

Washington's army sailed across the frozen Delaware River to Trenton and in a surprize attack captured or killed 900 Hessians.

Front 37

Which Spanish General captured British strongholds of Natchez and Baton Rouge in the lower Mississippi Valley?

Back 37

General Bernardo de Galvez, the Spanish governor of Louisiana, attacked the British in the South.

Front 38

How did the support of France and Spain help the Americans?

Back 38

By entering the war, France and Spain forced the British to spread their army fighting on many fronts.

Front 39

Which American General developed the strategy of avoiding full-scale battles?

Back 39

General Nathanael Greene developed the stategy of avoiding full-scale battles.

Front 40

In which region would you find a larger number of loyalist and find them engaged in guerilla warfare like the patriots?

Back 40

The South had the largest number of loyalist. Also, in the South patriots and loyalist used guerilla warfare.