Chapter 7 Respiratory Tract Terms

Front 1

Trachea

Back 1

Windpipe

Front 2

Bronchus (Pl Bronchi)

Back 2

Bifurcation of the trachea; passageway into the air spaces of the lungs.

Front 3

Bronchioles

Back 3

Smallest branches of the bronchi; lead to the alveoli

Front 4

Alveolus (pl alveoli)

Back 4

Air sacs in the lungs

Front 5

Capillary

Back 5

Smallest blood vessel.

Front 6

Erythrocytes

Back 6

Red Blood Cells. Transport O2 from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Front 7

Cilia

Back 7

Thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract.

Front 8

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Back 8

Gas released by tissue cells and transported to the heart and lungs for exhalation.

Front 9

Diaphragm

Back 9

Thin, muscular partition separating the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Front 10

Epiglottis

Back 10

Leaf-like piece of cartilage over the trachea to prevent aspiration of food

Front 11

Expiration

Back 11

Breathing out; exhalation

Front 12

Glottis

Back 12

Opening to the larynx (voice box)

Front 13

Inspiration

Back 13

Breathing in; Inhalation

Front 14

Internal respiration

Back 14

Gas exchange occurring at the tissue level

Front 15

Larynx

Back 15

Voice Box

Front 16

Mediastinum

Back 16

Space between the lungs

Front 17

Mucous Membranes

Back 17

Specialized form of epithelial tissue that secretes mucus.

Front 18

Mucus

Back 18

Slimy substance produced by mucous membranes, contains epithelial cells, salts, WBCs and glandular secretions.

Front 19

Nasal cavity

Back 19

Proximal aspect of the respiratory tract within the nose

Front 20

Olfactory

Back 20

Condition of Smelling

Front 21

Oxygen (O2)

Back 21

Gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body.

Front 22

Pharynx

Back 22

Throat

Front 23

Pleura

Back 23

Membranes surrounding each lung

Front 24

Pleural Cavity

Back 24

Space between the pleural membranes and surrounding each lung

Front 25

Respiration

Back 25

Exchange of O2 and Co2 between the body and the atmosphere

Front 26

Respiratory System

Back 26

Group of Organs working together to transfer O2 from the air to the blood and Co2 from the blood to the air

Front 27

Ventilation

Back 27

Exchange of gas in an enclosed space

Front 28

Vocal cords

Back 28

Folds of mucous membranes in the larynx that vibrate to create sound.

Front 29

Agonal

Back 29

Respirations near death

Front 30

Antutussives

Back 30

substances used to control and prevent coughing

Front 31

Asphyxia

Back 31

blockage of breathing leading to hypoxia (Suffication)

Front 32

Aspiration

Back 32

Inhalation of a foreign substance into the respiratory tract

Front 33

Asthma

Back 33

Chronic, inflammatory disorder marked by dyspnea and wheezing

Front 34

Atelectasis

Back 34

Incomplete dilation of a lung

Front 35

Auscultation

Back 35

Listening with a stethoscope to sounds within the body

Front 36

Bronchodilators

Back 36

Drugs that cause dilation or expansion of the bronchus

Front 37

Chest tube

Back 37

Hollow tube placed into the thoracic cavity to remove air or fluid

Front 38

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Back 38

Disease in horses consisting of chronic bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and emphysema

Front 39

Cough

Back 39

Forced expulsion of air from the lungs

Front 40

Diaphragm hernia

Back 40

Displacement of abdominal organs through the opening in the diaphragm

Front 41

Emphysema

Back 41

Lung Disease caused by enlargement of the alveoli due to changes or loss of elasticity in the alveolar wall

Front 42

Endotracheal intubation

Back 42

placement of a tube through the mouth and into the trachea to establish and airway.

Front 43

Epistaxis

Back 43

Nosebleed

Front 44

Hyperpnea

Back 44

Increased depth of breathing

Front 45

Hyperventilation

Back 45

Abnormal, rapid deep breathing.

Front 46

Hypopnea

Back 46

Slow or shallow breathing

Front 47

Metastasis

Back 47

To spread beyond control

Front 48

Mucolytics

Back 48

Substances used to break down or dissolve mucus

Front 49

Palliative

Back 49

Relieving symptoms but not curing

Front 50

Paroxysmal

Back 50

Sudden occurrence such as a spasm or seizure

Front 51

Percussion

Back 51

Tapping the surface to determine the density of the underlying structure.

Front 52

Phlegm

Back 52

Thick mucus excreted in large quantities

Front 53

Pleural Effusion

Back 53

Escape of fluid into the pleural cavity

Front 54

Pneumonia

Back 54

Acute inflammation and infection of the alveoli

Front 55

Pulse Oximeter

Back 55

Instrument for measuring oxygen concentration in arterial blood

Front 56

Purulent

Back 56

Containing Pus

Front 57

Rales and Crackles

Back 57

Cracklin noises heard on inspiration due to fluid in the alveoli

Front 58

Rhonchi

Back 58

Wheezing; high pitched whistling noises heard during inspiration

Front 59

Sputum

Back 59

Mucus secretion from the lungs, bronchi and trachea

Front 60

Stridor

Back 60

Strained shrill heard during inspiration due to an airway obstruction

Front 61

Tidal Volume

Back 61

Amount of gas passing in and out of the lungs during a respiratory cycle

Front 62

Transtracheal wash

Back 62

Introduction of sterile saline into the trachea through a catheter and then withdrawal of that fluid for cytology

Front 63

Vesicular sounds

Back 63

Soft sounds heard on auscultation due to small bronchioles and alveoli