Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
CELL THEORY
|
All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function. New cells are produced from existing cells.
|
|
|
PROKARYOTE
|
No nucleus, no membrane bound organells. Bacteria Only!
|
|
|
EUKARYOTE
|
Nucleus and organells
|
|
|
ORGANELLES
|
It's a discrete structure of a cell having specialized functions, and is separately enclosed in its own lipid membrane.
|
|
|
CELL WALL
|
Support/protection, not in animal cells
|
|
|
NUCLEUS
|
Contains DNA in form of chromosomes/chromatin, they control protein synthesis and thus all cell functions
|
|
|
CYTOSKELETON
|
Cell support, made of microtubules and microfilaments
|
|
|
RIBOSOMES
|
Site of protein synthesis
|
|
|
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
|
Endoplasmic reticulum is a network of tubules, vesicles and sacs that are interconnected. They may serve specialized functions in the cell including protein synthesis, sequestration of calcium, production of steroids, storage and production of glycogen.
|
|
|
GOLGI APPARATUS
|
Enzumes that attach lipids to proteins
|
|
|
VACUOLES
|
Stores food, water or waste inside a cell. Plants have a huge central vacuole full of water that keeps the cell stiff.
|
|
|
CHLOROPLASTS
|
In plants only, site of photosynthesis. They evolved from small bacteria that began living inside big cells.
|
|
|
MITOCHORDRIA
|
Site of cellular respiration which makes ATP (energy) by breaking down glucose, also living inside bigger cells.
|
|
|
MOVEMENT THROUGH THE CELL MEMBRANE
|
Cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer with a few proteins. Cell membrane is made of a phospholipid bilayer with a few proteins.
|
|
|
OSMOSIS
|
No energy, diffusion of water.
|
|
|
HYPERTONIC
|
High solute, low water
|
|
|
HYPOTONIC
|
Low solute, high water
|
|
|
ISOTONIC
|
Balanced solute and water moving cells into different solutions can cause some problems.
|
|
|
PLASMOLYSIS
|
Cells put into hypertonic solution and they lose water and shrivel.
|
|
|
CYTOLYSIS
|
Cells put into fresh water solution and they gain water and they swell and pop.
|
|
|
CONTRACTILE VACUOLE
|
Organell in fresh water protists that pumps water out of the cell to prevent cytolysis.
|
|
|
FACILITATED DIFFUSION
|
NO ENERGY, movement through membrane proteins from high to low concentration, Result:equilibrium
|
|
|
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
|
ENERGY, movement through a membrane protein from low to high concentrate, result: No equilibrium
|
|
|
USE ENERGY
|
Active transportation "Not equilibrium"
|
|
|
DONT USE ENERGY
|
Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated diffusion. "equilibrium"
|
|
|
ENDOCYTOSIS
|
Actively transporting large amounts into cells using membrane folds. (Phagocytosis) in a engulfing motion.
|
|
|
EXOCYTOSIS
|
Opposite of endocytosis.
|
|
|
UNICELLULAR
|
One cell ex. bacteria.
|
|
|
MULTICELLULAR
|
More than 1 cell. Levels of organization: Cell--Tissue--Organ--Organ System.
|
