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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Asymmetrical
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The characteristics of a transmission technology that affords greater bandwidth in one direction than in the other direction.
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asymmetrical DSL
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A variation of DSL that offers more throughput when data travels downstream, downloading from a local carrier's switching facility to the customer, than when it travels upstream, uploading from the customer to the local carrier's switching facility
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asynchronous
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A transmission method in which data being transmitted and received by nodes does not have to conform to any timing scheme. In this, a node can transmit at any time and the destination node must accept the transmission as it comes.
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ATM
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Asynchronous Transfer Mode
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Explain ATM
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A Data Link layer technology which relies on fixed packets, called cells, that each consist of 48 bytes of data plus a 5-bytes header. ATM relies in the virtual circuits and establishes a connection before sending data. The reliable connection ensured by ATM allows network manager to specify QoS levels for certain types of traffic.
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authentication
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The process of comparing and matching a clients credentials with the credentials in the NOS user database to enable the client to log on to the network.
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bonding
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Process of combining more than one bearer channel of an ISDN line to increase throughput.
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BRI
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Basic Rate Interface
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Explain BRI
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A variety of ISDN that uses two 64-KBps bearer channels and one 16 Kbps data channel.
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broadband cable
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A method of connecting to the Internet over a cable network. In broadband cable, computers are connected to a cable modem that modulates and demodulates signals to and from the cable company's head-end.
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bus topology WAN
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A WAN in which each location is connected to no more than two other locations in a serial fashion
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cable drop
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The fiber-opti or coaxial cable that connects a neighbor hood cable node to a customer's house.
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cable modem
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A device that modulates and demodulates signals for transmission and reception via cable wiring.
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CIR
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Committed information rate
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Explain CIR
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The guaranteed minimum amount of bandwidth selected when leasing a frame relay circuit.
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CO
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Central Office
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explain CO
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The location where a local or long distance telephone service provider terminates and interconnects customer lines.
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CSU
DSU |
Channel Service Unit
Data Service Unit |
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explain CSU
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A device used with T-carrier technology that provides termination for the digital signal and ensures connection integrity though error correction and line monitoring.
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CSU/DSU
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A combination of a CSU and a DSU that serves as the connection point for a T1 line at the cutomer's site. Most modern CSU/DSUs also contain a multiplexer.
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D channel
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In ISDN the data channel is used to carry information about the call, such as session initiation and termination signals, caller identity, call forwarding, and conference calling signals.
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dedicated
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A continuously available link or service that is leased though another carrier. eg ADSL, T1 and T3
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dial-up
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A type of connection in which a user connects to a distant network from a computer and stays connected for a finite period of time. Most of the time, the term dial-up refers to a connection that uses a PSTN line.
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dial-up networking
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The process of dialing into a remote access server to connect with a network, be it private or public.
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downstream
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A term used to describe data traffic that flows from a carrier's facility to the customer. In asymmetrical communications, downstream throughput is usually much higher than upstream throughput. In Symmetrical communication, downstream and upstream throughputs are equal.
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DS0
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Digital Signal level 0
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Explain DS0
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The equivalent of one data or voice channel in T-carrier technology, as defined by ANSI physical layer standards. All other signal levels are multiples of DS0.
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DSL
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Digital Subscriber line
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DSL Modem
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A device that modulates an incoming DSL signal, extracting the information and passing it to the data equipment and modulates an outgoing DSL signal.
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DSLAM
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DSL access multiplexer
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Explain DSLAM
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A connectivity device located at a telecommunications carrier's office that aggregates multiple DSL subscriber lines and connects them to a larger carrier or to the internet backbone.
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DSU
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Data Service Unit
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Explain DSU
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A device used in T-carrier technology that converts the digital signal used by bridges, routers, and multiplexers into the digital signal used on cabling.
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frame relay
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A digital packet-switched WAN technology whose protocols operate at the Data Link layer. The data is separated into frames, which are then relayed from one node to another without any verification or processing.
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full-mesh WAN
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A mesh topology WAN in which every site is directly connected to every other site. It is the most Fault-tolerant type of WAN
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head-end
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A cable company's central office which connects cable wiring to many nodes before it reaches customers' sites.
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HFC
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Hybrid Fiber Coax
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describe HFC
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A link that consists of fiber cable connecting the cable company's offices to a node location near the customer and coaxial cable connecting the node to the customer's house.
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ICA
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Independent Computing Architecture
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explain ICA
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the software from Citrix Sytem which enables the client to connect with a host computer and exchange keystrokes, mouse clicks, and screen updates.
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ISDN
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Integrated Service Digital Netowork
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explain ISDN
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An international Standard that uses PSTN lines to carry digital signals. It may carry voice and data signals simultaneously.
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L2TP
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Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
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explain L2TP
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A protocol that encapsulates PPP data, for use on VPNs L2TP is based on Cisco which can connect nodes belonging to different Layer 3 network
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LANE
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A method for transporting token ring or Ethernet frames over ATM network. LANE encapsulates incoming Ethernet or tokken ring frames, then converts them into ATM cells for transmission over an ATM network.
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MESH topology WAN
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A type of WAN in which several sites are directly interconnected. Mesh WAN are highly fault tolerant as they provide multiple routers for data to follow between any two points.
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NSP
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Network Service Provider
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explain NSP
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Acarrier that provides long-distance connectivity between major data-switching centers across the Internet.
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OC
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Optical Carrier
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Explain OC
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An internationally recognized rating that indicates throughput rates for SONET connections.
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PPP
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Point-to-Point Protocol
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explain PPP
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A communication protocol that enables a workstation to connect to a server using a serial connection. PPP can support multiple Network layer protocols and can use both asynchronous a
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PSTN
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Public Switched Telephone Network
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explain PSTN
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The carrier equipment that provides telephone service to most homes and business. Its traffic is carried by fiber-optic or copper twisted pair cable, microwave, and satellite connections.
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PVC
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Permanent Virtual Circuit
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explain PVC
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A point-to-point connection over which data may follow any number of different paths as opposed to a dedicated line that follows a predefined path.
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RAS
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Remote Access Service
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RDP
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Remote Desktop Protocol
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explain RDP
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An application layer protocol that uses TCP/IP to transmit graphics and text quickly over a remote client-host connection. RDP also carries session, licensing, and encryption information.
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remote access
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A method for connecting and logging on to a LAN from a workstation that is remote or physically connected, to the LAN
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SDH
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Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
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self-healing
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A characteristic of dual-ring topologies that allows them to automatically reroute traffic along the backup ring if the primary ring becomes severed.
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SLIP
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Serial Line Internet Protocol
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explain SLIP
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A communication protocol that enables a workstation to connect to a server using a serial connection.
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SONET
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Synchronous Optical Network
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explain SONET
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A high-bandwidth signaling technique that specifies framing and multiplexing techniques at the Physical layer of the OSI model. It includes a double ring of fiber-optic cable, which results in very high fault tolerance.
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star topology WAN
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A type of WAN in which a single sites acts as the central connection point for several other WAN technologies and allows for simple link additions and removals.
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SVC
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Switched Virtual Circuit.
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SVC
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Switched virtual circuit
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explain SVC
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A logical point-to-point connection that relies on switches to determine the optimal path between sender and receiver. ATM technology uses SVCs
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Synchronous
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A transmission method in which data being transmitted and received by nodes must conform to a timing scheme.
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TA
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Terminal Adapter
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explain TA
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A device used to convert digital signals into analog signals for use with ISDN phones and other analog devices.
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TE
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Terminal Equipment
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explain TE
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The end nodes served by the same connection.
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thin client
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A client that relies on another host for the majority of processing and hard disk resources necessary to run applications and share files over the network.
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tiered topology WAN
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A type of WAN in which sites are connected in star or ring formations are interconnected at different levels withe the interconnection points being organized into layers to form hierarchical grouping.
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tunneling
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The process of encapsulating one type of protocol in another.
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upstream
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A term used to describe data traffic that flows from a customer's site to a carrier's facility.
Asymmetrical-->up stream lower than downstream Symmetrical-->upstream equal to downstream |
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virtual circuit
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A connection between network nodes that, although based on potentially disparate physical links, logically appears to be a direct, dedicated link between those nodes.
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VNC
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Virtual Network Computing
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explain VNC
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An open source system that enables a remote client workstation to manipulate and receive screen updates from a host.
eg. Tight VNC |
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VPN
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Virtual Private Network
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explain VPN
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A logically constructed WAN that uses existing public transmission systems. VPNs can be created though the use of software or combined software.
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