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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is mutation, and how does it occur?
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A mutation is a change in a cell's DNA, that is passed on to the next generation. It usually occurs during the replication of DNA, but it can be induced
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Why do oragnisms bother in finding a mate and reproducing with them, instead of being asexual?
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VARIATION! The genes are shuffled in each offspring, creating new combinations of DNA
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What did Carl Linnaeus develop?
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He developed the classification system (binomial nomenclature)
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What did Jean Lamarck do? What did he belive happened in evolution?
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Lamarck recorded the first theory of evolution. He believed that an organism adapted to its environment (elongated its neck) and passed it down to its offspring.
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What was Darwin's Theory? What did this theory state?
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The Theory of Natural Selection. This theory stated that individuals whose genetic variation that was best adapted to their environment would most likely survive and pass on those traits.
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What is the Theory of Evolution?
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It introduced the belief that populations evolve over the course of generations through natural selection.
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What is speciation?
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The creation of new species
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What are the six areas of Evolution?
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Fossil record, Earth's history, biogeography, Anatomical structure, embryology, and biochemistry.
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What is Selective Advantage?
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A characteristic that improves an organisms chance of survival
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What was the Principle of Population?
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All species produce far more offspring than are able to survive
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What is taxonomy?
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The practice and science of classification
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What are the different rates of evolution?
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Gradualism and Punctuated Equilibrium
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What is microevolution?
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Small scale changes in gene frequencies at or below the species level
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What is macroevolution?
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The occurence of large scale changes in gene frequencies in a population over a geological time period
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What is divergent evolution?
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Evolution into many different species
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Define adaptation and give an example.
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Feature that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.
Land whales to Marine Mammal |
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What is a species?
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A group of organisms that can mate with one another and produce fertile offsprings
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What is a population?
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A group of individuals of the same species in the same location
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What is evolution?
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The process in which populations change over time.
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What is a fossil?
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The remains or imprint of an once-living organism; often found in sedimentary rock.
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What is a fossil record?
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The layers of fossils found in sedimentary rock. The "lowest" layer can be the "oldest"
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What is natural selection?
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The process that the best adapted organism for an environment will survive and reproduce.
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What is selective breeding?
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The practice (farmers, ranchers) where humans select a trait and breed plants or animals.
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How does natural selection work?
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4 steps: overpopulation , inherited variation, struggle to survive, successful reproduction
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What is speciation?
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When one part of a species gets seperated for so long that it forms a new species; for example, Darwin's finches.
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