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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Genetic Code
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Program of the cell
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Transformation
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process by which genetic material absorbed from the envirorment is add to or replaces part of a bacterium's DNA
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DNA
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Nucleic Acid that stores and transmits genetic information from one generation to the next by coding for the production of a cell's proteins
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nucleotide
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unit of a nucleic acid that is made of a 5-carbon sugar, phosphate, nitrogenous base
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adenine
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nitrogenous base; base pairs with thymine or uracil
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thymine
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nitrogenous base; base pairs with adenine
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guanine
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nitrogenous base; base pairs with cytosine
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cytosine
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nitrogenous base; base pairs with guanine
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base pairing
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attraction between complementary bases that produces a force holding them together
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replication
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process by which DNA is duplicated before a cell divides
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RNA
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Nucliec acid that acts as a messenger between DNA and the ribosomes and carries out the process by which protiens are made from amino acids
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uracil
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nitrogenous base; found only in RNA, base pairs with adenine
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transcription
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process by which a molecule of DNA is copied into a complementary strand of RNA
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mRNA
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type of RNA that carries genetic from the DNA in the nucleus out to the ribosomes
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codon
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3-nucleotide sequences on mRNA for an amino acid
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translation
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process in which a message carried by mRNA is decoded intro a polypeptide chain
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tRNA
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type of RNA that makes up the major part of the ribosomes
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anticodon
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3 nucleotide sequence in tRNA that base pairs with a complementary sequence in the mRNA during protein synthesis
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