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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are valence electrons? |
electrons in the outer energy level. they are electrons involved in bonding. |
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How do you determine the number of valence electrons? |
By finding the group number that the element is in. |
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What is electron dot structure? |
A representation of a molecule that shows valence electrons as dots. |
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What is the octet rule? |
Octet rule says that atoms gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have 8 electrons in their outer electron shell. |
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Why are noble gases considered stable? |
because they have a full (8) outer energy of electrons |
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What is a pseudo noble gas electron configuration? |
Fake noble gases. |
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Which elements form pseudo noble gas configurations? |
Transition metals |
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Why are pseudo noble gas configurations considered fake? |
they can’t lose the amount of electrons needed to reach a noble gas (8). so they lose a couple to reach another configuration. |
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What are cations? which elements form them? |
cations are positive charge ions- lose electrons. they are formed from metals. |
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What are anions? which elements form anions? |
anions are negatively charged ions - gain electrons. formed from nonmetals. |
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What is an ionic bond? |
an ionic bond is formed when oppositely charged ions are attracted to each other. the ions stick together |
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What is an ionic compound? |
An ionic compound is made of oppositely charged ions. this makes it neutrally charged. it is made of one metal and one nonmetal |
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What are the properties of ionic compounds? |
a. can conduct electricity when melted or dissolved b. high melting points c.crystalline solids at room temp |
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What is a metallic bond? |
A metallic bond is when free floating valence electrons hold loosely packed cations together. This bond holds metals together. |
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How is a metal different from an ionic compound? |
Metals (cations) are free to move. Ionic compound ions are locked into place. Basically, metal = bendy and ionic compound. = rigid |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for sodium? |
Na+ (sodium ion) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for iron(II)? |
Fe2+ (iron(II) ion) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for oxygen? |
O2- (oxide) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for aluminum? |
Al3+ (aluminum ion) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for barium? |
Ba2+ (barium ion) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for nitrogen? |
N3- (nitride) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for copper(I)? |
Cu+ (copper(I) ion) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for calcium? |
Ca2+ (calcium ion) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for bromine? |
Bl- (bromide) |
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What is the chemical formula and charge for neon? |
neon does not form an ion. |
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Write the formula for sodium chloride |
NaCl |
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Write the formula for ammonium phosphate |
(NH4)3 PO4 |
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Write the formula for lithium oxide |
Li2O |
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Write the formula for sodium hydroxide |
NaOH |
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Write the formula for potassium sulfide |
K2S |
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Write the formula for calcium carbonate |
CaCO3 |
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Write the formula for tin (IV) cyanide |
Sn(CN)4 |
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Write the formula for potassium nitrate |
KNO3 |
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Write the formula for magnesium nitrate |
Mg(NO3)4 |
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Write the formula for iron(II) oxide |
FeO |
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Write the formula for aluminum phosphate |
AlPO4 |
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Write the formula for calcium iodide |
Ca I2 |
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Write the formula for potassium permanganate |
KMNO4 |
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Write the formula for mercury(II) bromide |
HgBr2 |
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Name the compound for CaO |
calcium oxide |
