Chapter 7 & 8 The Cell

Front 1

Cell Membrane

Back 1

a phospholipid layer that covers a cell's surface and acts as a barrier between the inside of the cell and the cell's enviorment

Front 2

Cytoplasm

Back 2

the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the muscles

Front 3

Ribosome

Back 3

a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis

Front 4

ER

Back 4

a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing,and transport of proteins and the production of lipids

Front 5

Tissue

Back 5

a group of similar cells that preform a common function

Front 6

Organ

Back 6

a collection of tissues that carried out specialized functions of the body

Front 7

Prokaryote

Back 7

a singled cell organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane bound organelles; examples are archaea bacteria

Front 8

Eukaryote

Back 8

an organism made of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane, multiple chromosomes, and a mitotic cycle; eukaryotes include protists, animals, plants, and fungi but not archaea and bacteria

Front 9

Nucleus

Back 9

in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane bound organelle that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in process such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction

Front 10

Organelle

Back 10

one of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform the certain function

Front 11

Vesicle

Back 11

a small cavity or sac that contains materials in a eukaryotic cell; forms when part of the membrane surrounds the material to be taken into the cell or transported within the cell

Front 12

Vacuole

Back 12

a fluid filled vesicle found in the cytoplasm of plant cells protozones

Front 13

Golgi Apparatus

Back 13

a cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the cell

Front 14

Mitocondria

Back 14

in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surronded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration, which produces ATP

Front 15

Chloroplast

Back 15

an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occures

Front 16

Flagellum

Back 16

a long, hair like structure that grows out of the cell and enables the cell to move

Front 17

Diffusion

Back 17

the movement of particles from regions of higher density to regions of lower density

Front 18

Osmosis

Back 18

the diffusion of water or another solvent from a more dilute solution (of a solute) to a more concentrated solution (of the solute) through a membrane that is permiable to the solute

Front 19

Equilibrium

Back 19

in biology, a state that exists when the concentration of a substance is the same throughout a space

Front 20

Concentration Gradient

Back 20

the difference in the concentration of a substance across a distance

Front 21

Carrier Protein

Back 21

a protein that transports substances across a cell membrane

Front 22

Receptor

Back 22

a protein that binds specific signal molecules, which causes the cell to respond

Front 23

Lipid Bilayer

Back 23

the basic structure of a biological membrane, composed of two layers of phospholipids

Front 24

Passive Transport

Back 24

the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy of the cell

Front 25

Active Transport

Back 25

the movement of chemical substances, usually across the cell membrane, against a concentration gradient; requires a cell to use energy