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264 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arteriole |
Small artery |
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Calciferol |
Active form of vitamin D, secreted by the kidneycal |
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Calyx or calix |
Cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis |
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Catheter |
Tube for injecting or removing fluids |
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Cortex |
Outer region of an organ |
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Creatinine |
Nitrogenous wasted excreted in urine |
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Electrolyte |
Chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water |
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Erythropoietin |
Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red.blood cells by bone marrow |
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Filtration |
Process whereby som substances pass through a filter |
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Glomerular capsule |
Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus |
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Glomerulus |
Tiny ball of capillaries (microscopic blood vessels) in the kidney |
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Hilum |
Depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave |
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Kidney |
One of two bean-shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lumbar region; filters nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream to form urine |
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Meatus |
Opening or canal |
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Medulla |
Inner region of an organ |
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Nephron |
Combination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion takes place in the kidney |
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Nitrogenous waste |
Substance containing nitrogen and excreted urine |
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Potassium |
Electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood. |
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Reabsorption |
Process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream |
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Renal artery |
Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney |
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Renal pelvis |
Central collecting region in the kidney |
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Renal tubule |
Microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration |
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Renal vein |
Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart |
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Renin |
Hormone secreted by the kidney; raises blood pressure |
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Sodium |
Electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses |
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Trigone |
Triangular area in the urinary bladder |
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Urea |
Major nitrogenous waste excreted in urine |
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Ureter |
One of two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder |
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Urethra |
Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body |
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Uric acid |
Nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine |
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Urinary bladder |
Hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine |
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Urination |
Process of expelling urine |
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Cali/o calic/o |
Calyx, cup-shaped |
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Cyst/o |
Urinary bladder |
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Glomerul/o |
Glomerulus |
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Meat/o |
Meatus |
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Nephr/o |
Kidney |
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Pyel/o |
Renal pelvis |
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Ren/o |
Kidney |
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Trigon/o |
Trigone |
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Ureter/o |
Ureter |
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Urethr/o |
Urethra |
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Vesic/o |
Urinary bladder |
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Albumin/o |
Albumin (a protein in the blood) |
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Azot/o |
Nitrogen |
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Bacteri/o |
Bacteria |
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Dips/o |
Thirst |
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Kal/o |
Potassium |
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Ket/o keton/o |
Ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone) |
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Lith/o |
Stone |
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Natr/o |
Sodium |
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Noct/o |
Night |
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Olig/o |
Scanty |
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-poietin |
Substance that forms |
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Py/o |
Pus |
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-tripsy |
Crushing |
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Ur/o |
Urine |
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Urin/o |
Urine |
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-uria |
Urination; urine condition |
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Glomerulonephritis |
Inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney |
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Interstitial nephritis |
Inflammation of connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules |
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Interstitial nephritis |
Inflammation of connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules |
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Nephrolithiasis |
Kidney stones |
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Interstitial nephritis |
Inflammation of connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules |
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Nephrolithiasis |
Kidney stones |
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Nephrotic syndrome |
Group of clinical signs any symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine |
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Interstitial nephritis |
Inflammation of connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules |
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Nephrolithiasis |
Kidney stones |
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Nephrotic syndrome |
Group of clinical signs any symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine |
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Polycystic kidney disease |
Multiple fluid filled sacs within and on the kidney |
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Pyelonephritis |
Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma |
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Pyelonephritis |
Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma |
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Renal cell carcinoma |
Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood |
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Pyelonephritis |
Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma |
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Renal cell carcinoma |
Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood |
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Renal failure |
Decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function |
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Pyelonephritis |
Inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma |
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Renal cell carcinoma |
Cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood |
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Renal failure |
Decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function |
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Renal hypertension |
High blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
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Wilms tumor |
Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood |
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Wilms tumor |
Malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood |
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Bladder cancer |
Malignant tumor of the urinary bladder |
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Diabetes insipidus |
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not secreted, or there is resistance of the kidney to ADH |
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Diabetes Mellitus |
Insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects |
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Blood urea nitrogen |
Measurement of urea levels in blood |
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Creatinine clearance |
Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidneys |
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Creatinine clearance |
Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidneys |
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CT Urography |
XRay images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney |
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Creatinine clearance |
Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidneys |
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CT Urography |
XRay images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney |
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Kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) |
XRay examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
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Creatinine clearance |
Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidneys |
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CT Urography |
XRay images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney |
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Kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) |
XRay examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
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Renal angiography |
XRay examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney |
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Creatinine clearance |
Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidneys |
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CT Urography |
XRay images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney |
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Kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) |
XRay examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
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Renal angiography |
XRay examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney |
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Retrograde pyelogram (RP) |
XRay image of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder. |
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Creatinine clearance |
Measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidneys |
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CT Urography |
XRay images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney |
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Kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) |
XRay examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder |
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Renal angiography |
XRay examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney |
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Retrograde pyelogram (RP) |
XRay image of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder. |
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Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) |
XRay image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding |
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Ultrasonography |
Imaging of urinary tract structures using high frequency sound waves. |
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Ultrasonography |
Imaging of urinary tract structures using high frequency sound waves. |
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Radioisotope scan |
Image of the kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream |
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Ultrasonography |
Imaging of urinary tract structures using high frequency sound waves. |
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Radioisotope scan |
Image of the kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance into the bloodstream |
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MRI Urography |
Changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body |
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Cystoscopy |
Direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope |
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Dialysis |
Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood |
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Dialysis |
Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood |
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Hemodialysis |
Uses and artificial kidney machine that receives waste-filled blood from the patient's bloodstream, filters it through an artificial porous membrane, and returns the dialyzed blood to the patient's body |
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Dialysis |
Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood |
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Hemodialysis |
Uses and artificial kidney machine that receives waste-filled blood from the patient's bloodstream, filters it through an artificial porous membrane, and returns the dialyzed blood to the patient's body |
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Arteriovenous fistula |
Communication between an artery and a vein, created surgically to provide easy access for hemodialysis |
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Dialysis |
Process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood |
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Hemodialysis |
Uses and artificial kidney machine that receives waste-filled blood from the patient's bloodstream, filters it through an artificial porous membrane, and returns the dialyzed blood to the patient's body |
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Arteriovenous fistula |
Communication between an artery and a vein, created surgically to provide easy access for hemodialysis |
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Peritoneal dialysis |
Uses a catheter to introduce fluid into the peritoneal cavity. Waste materials, such as urea, in the capillaries of the peritoneum pass out of the bloodstream and into the fluid. The fluid is then removed by the catheter. |
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Lithotripsy |
Urinary tract stones are crushed |
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Lithotripsy |
Urinary tract stones are crushed |
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Renal angioplasty |
Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries |
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Lithotripsy |
Urinary tract stones are crushed |
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Renal angioplasty |
Dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries |
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Renal biopsy |
Removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination |
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Renal transplantation |
Surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient |
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Urinary catheterization |
Passage of a flexible instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder |
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ADH |
Antidiuretic hormone- vasopressin |
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ADH |
Antidiuretic hormone- vasopressin |
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AKI |
Acute kidney injury |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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CAPD |
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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CAPD |
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
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CKD |
Chronic kidney disease |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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CAPD |
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
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CKD |
Chronic kidney disease |
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Cl- |
Chloride- an electrolyte excreted by the kidney |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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CAPD |
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
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CKD |
Chronic kidney disease |
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Cl- |
Chloride- an electrolyte excreted by the kidney |
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CrCl |
Creatinine clearance |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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CAPD |
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
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CKD |
Chronic kidney disease |
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Cl- |
Chloride- an electrolyte excreted by the kidney |
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CrCl |
Creatinine clearance |
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CRF |
Chronic renal failure-progressive loss of kidney function |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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CAPD |
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
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CKD |
Chronic kidney disease |
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Cl- |
Chloride- an electrolyte excreted by the kidney |
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CrCl |
Creatinine clearance |
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CRF |
Chronic renal failure-progressive loss of kidney function |
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C&S |
Culture and sensitivity testing- to determine antibiotic effectiveness against bacteria grown from a patient's urine specimen |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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CAPD |
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
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CKD |
Chronic kidney disease |
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Cl- |
Chloride- an electrolyte excreted by the kidney |
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CrCl |
Creatinine clearance |
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CRF |
Chronic renal failure-progressive loss of kidney function |
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C&S |
Culture and sensitivity testing- to determine antibiotic effectiveness against bacteria grown from a patient's urine specimen |
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cysto |
Cystoscopic examination |
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BUN |
Blood urea nitrogen |
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CAPD |
Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis |
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CKD |
Chronic kidney disease |
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Cl- |
Chloride- an electrolyte excreted by the kidney |
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CrCl |
Creatinine clearance |
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CRF |
Chronic renal failure-progressive loss of kidney function |
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C&S |
Culture and sensitivity testing- to determine antibiotic effectiveness against bacteria grown from a patient's urine specimen |
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cysto |
Cystoscopic examination |
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eGFR |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate |
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ESWL |
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
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ESWL |
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
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HCO3 |
Bicarbonate- an electrolyte conserved by the kidney |
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ESWL |
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
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HCO3 |
Bicarbonate- an electrolyte conserved by the kidney |
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HD |
Hemodialysis |
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ESWL |
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
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HCO3 |
Bicarbonate- an electrolyte conserved by the kidney |
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HD |
Hemodialysis |
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IC |
Interstitial cystitis- chronic inflammation of the bladder wall; not caused by bacterial infection and not responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy |
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ESWL |
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
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HCO3 |
Bicarbonate- an electrolyte conserved by the kidney |
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HD |
Hemodialysis |
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IC |
Interstitial cystitis- chronic inflammation of the bladder wall; not caused by bacterial infection and not responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy |
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IVP |
Intravenous pyelogram |
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ESWL |
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
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HCO3 |
Bicarbonate- an electrolyte conserved by the kidney |
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HD |
Hemodialysis |
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IC |
Interstitial cystitis- chronic inflammation of the bladder wall; not caused by bacterial infection and not responsive to conventional antibiotic therapy |
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IVP |
Intravenous pyelogram |
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K+ |
Potassium- an electrolyte |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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PD |
Peritoneal dialysis |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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PD |
Peritoneal dialysis |
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pH |
Potential hydrogen; scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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PD |
Peritoneal dialysis |
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pH |
Potential hydrogen; scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity |
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PKD |
Polycystic kidney disease |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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PD |
Peritoneal dialysis |
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pH |
Potential hydrogen; scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity |
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PKD |
Polycystic kidney disease |
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PUL |
Percutaneous ultrasound lithtripsy |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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PD |
Peritoneal dialysis |
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pH |
Potential hydrogen; scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity |
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PKD |
Polycystic kidney disease |
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PUL |
Percutaneous ultrasound lithtripsy |
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RP |
Retrograde pyelography |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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PD |
Peritoneal dialysis |
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pH |
Potential hydrogen; scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity |
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PKD |
Polycystic kidney disease |
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PUL |
Percutaneous ultrasound lithtripsy |
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RP |
Retrograde pyelography |
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sp gr |
Specific gravity |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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PD |
Peritoneal dialysis |
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pH |
Potential hydrogen; scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity |
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PKD |
Polycystic kidney disease |
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PUL |
Percutaneous ultrasound lithtripsy |
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RP |
Retrograde pyelography |
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sp gr |
Specific gravity |
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UA |
Urinalysis |
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KUB |
Kidney, ureter, and bladder |
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Na+ |
Sodium- an electrolyte |
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PD |
Peritoneal dialysis |
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pH |
Potential hydrogen; scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity |
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PKD |
Polycystic kidney disease |
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PUL |
Percutaneous ultrasound lithtripsy |
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RP |
Retrograde pyelography |
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sp gr |
Specific gravity |
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UA |
Urinalysis |
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UTI |
Urinary tract infection |
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Ketonuria |
Elevated levels of ketone bodies |
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Ketonuria |
Elevated levels of ketone bodies |
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Ketoacidosis |
Excessive blood acidity attributable to dangerous levels of blood ketones |
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Pyuria |
Presence of pus in the urine, usually appears turbid or cloudy |
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Phenylketonuria |
Elevated levels of phenylketones |
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Phenylketonuria |
Elevated levels of phenylketones |
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Hyperbilirubinemia |
Excessive levels of hemoglobin pigment bilirubin in the blood, which leads to bilirubinuria, or excess bilirubin in the urine |
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Specific gravity (sp gr) |
Comparison of density between urine and water |
