Chapter 7

Front 1

cyst/o

Back 1

bladder

Front 2

glomerul/o

Back 2

glomerulus

Front 3

nephr/o

Back 3

kidney

Front 4

pyel/o

Back 4

renal pelvis

Front 5

ureter/o

Back 5

ureter

Front 6

urethr/o

Back 6

urethra

Front 7

vesic/o

Back 7

bladder

Front 8

dips/o

Back 8

thirst

Front 9

kal/o

Back 9

potassium

Front 10

ket/o, keton/o

Back 10

ketones

Front 11

natr/o

Back 11

sodium

Front 12

noct/o

Back 12

night

Front 13

olig/o

Back 13

scant

Front 14

-poietin

Back 14

substance that forms

Front 15

-tripsy

Back 15

crushing

Front 16

-uria

Back 16

urination

Front 17

renin

Back 17

controls blood pressure by controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys

Front 18

erythropoietin

Back 18

signals to make more RBC

Front 19

calciferol

Back 19

active form of vitamin D

Front 20

glomeruli

Back 20

filters and prevents proteins and blood ells from being excreted in the urin

Front 21

renal tubule

Back 21

where water, sugar, and Na+ are reabsorbed and enter the blood stream

Front 22

collecting tubule

Back 22

contains urine

Front 23

electrolyte

Back 23

chemical element that carries an electrical charge

Front 24

meatus

Back 24

opening or canal

Front 25

trigone

Back 25

triangular area of the urinary bladder

Front 26

micturition

Back 26

medical term for urination

Front 27

cystitis

Back 27

urinary tract infection

Front 28

glomerulonephritis

Back 28

inflammation of the kidney glomerulus, usually in response to an infection

Front 29

interstitial nephritis

Back 29

inflammation of the renal interstitium

Front 30

renal interstitium

Back 30

the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules

Front 31

nephrolithiasis

Back 31

kidney stones

Front 32

nephrotic syndrome

Back 32

groups of symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in the urine

Front 33

polycystic kidneys (PKD)

Back 33

inherited disorder characterized by the development and growth of cysts in the kidneys

Front 34

pyelonephritis

Back 34

infection of the pyelo-calyceal system

Front 35

renal cell carcinoma

Back 35

cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood

Front 36

renal failure

Back 36

failure of the kidney to excrete urine

Front 37

renal hypertension

Back 37

high blood pressure from kidney disease

Front 38

essential hypertension

Back 38

cause of the hypertension is not known

Front 39

Wilms' tumor

Back 39

malignant kidney tumor in childhood that is the 2nd most common solid tumor in childhood

Front 40

bladder cancer

Back 40

will most commonly present with painless gross hematuria and it tends to occur most commonly in individuals over the age of 60

Front 41

diabetes insipidus

Back 41

inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to the action of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Front 42

diabetes mellitus

Back 42

inadequate secretion or improper utilization of insulin

Front 43

BUN (blood urea nitrogen)

Back 43

the test used, along with the creatinine test, to evaluate kidney function under a wide range of circumstances and to monitor patients with acute or chronic kidney dysfunction or failure

Front 44

creatinine clearance test

Back 44

measures the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the body by the kidney

Front 45

IVP (intravenous pyelogram)/excretory urogram

Back 45

an x-ray of the kidney ureters, and urinary bladder

Front 46

KUB

Back 46

flat plate of the abdomen (kidney, ureters, and bladder)

Front 47

renal angiography

Back 47

an x-ray of the renal arteries

Front 48

angiogram

Back 48

an x-ray study used to study arteries

Front 49

retrograde pyelogram

Back 49

a cystoscopy is performed to locate the opening from the ureter to the bladder, and a contrasting agent is injected directly into this opening and an x-ray is taken to locate a kidney stone or other abnormaility

Front 50

voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)

Back 50

a test to measure bladder function. A radiopaque dye is injected into a catheter to fill up the bladder and x-rays are taken

Front 51

radioisotope scan

Back 51

image of the kidney after injected a radioactive substance into the bloodstream

Front 52

cystoscopy

Back 52

a telescope is inserted to inspect the bladder and the urethra

Front 53

rigid cystoscope

Back 53

a solid, straight telescope which is used alone with a high intensity light source and a separate channel to allow other instruments to be attached

Front 54

flexible cystoscope

Back 54

more common used, fiberoptic instrument that can bend easily and has a maneuverable tip that makes it easy to pass along the curves of the urethra

Front 55

dialysis

Back 55

process of filtering nitrogenous waste from the blood

Front 56

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

Back 56

uses sound waves (shock waves) to break a kidney stone into small pieces that can more easily travel through the urinary tract and pass from the body

Front 57

renal angioplasty

Back 57

procedure done to dilate an area of the renal arteries that has narrowed

Front 58

ultrasound guided, CT scan guidance, trans-jugular

Back 58

methods of renal biopsy

Front 59

trans-jugular renal biopsy

Back 59

running the biopsy catheter through one of the neck veins

Front 60

renal transplantation

Back 60

a transplanted kidney is placed in the iliac fossa (for easy biopsy access in case of a problem as well for technical reasons)

Front 61

urinary catheter

Back 61

any tube system placed in the body to drain and collect urine from the bladder

Front 62

foley catheter

Back 62

most common urinary catherization

Front 63

suprapubic catheter

Back 63

the catheter is placed through the abdomen and into the bladder for urine drainage