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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Judiciary Act of 1789
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The work of Oliver Ellensworth, this created a Supreme Court staffed by a cheif justice and 5 Associate Justices. Also set up 13 disctrict courts authorized to review the decisions of state courts.
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Report on Public Credit
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Revealed that the nations debt stood at 54 million dollartes. This represented the various obligations that the government had incurred during the Rev. War. In addition to foreign wars, this included lon certificates tha the government had issued to its own citizens and soldiers.
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Report on Manufacturers
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Suggested ways by which the federal government might stimulate manufacturing. If the country wanted to free itself from dependence, it had to develope its own industry.
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Jay’s Treaty
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The effort to preserve peace between Britain and the U.S. It's main objectives were the removal of Britis forts on U.S Territory, payment for ships taken in the West Indies, improved commercial relations, and acceptance of the American definition of neutral rights.
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John Jay
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United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court
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Implied powers
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Powers that some loose interpreters of the constitution would say that they were able to do because the constitution didn't specifically say that they couldn't.
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Judicial Review
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review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court
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Strict Construction
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a particular legal philosophy of judicial interpretation that limits or restricts judicial interpretation. In the United States the phrase is also commonly used more loosely as a generic term for conservatism among the judiciary.
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Federalist Party
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a major political party in the United States in the early 19th century; founded by Alexander Hamilton; favored a strong centralized government
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Pinckney Treaty
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signed in San Lorenzo de El Escorial on October 27, 1795 and established intentions of friendship between the United States and Spain. It also defined the boundaries of the United States with the Spanish colonies and guaranteed the United States navigation rights on the Mississippi River
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Whiskey Rebellion
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A tax protest in Pennsylvania in the 1790s, during the presidency of George Washington. The conflict was rooted in western dissatisfaction with a 1791 excise tax on whiskey. The tax was a part of treasury secretary Alexander Hamilton's program to centralize and fund the national debt. From the national perspective the issue was how laws passed by the Congress would be enforced.
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Alexander Hamilton
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statesman and leader of the Federalists; as the first Secretary of the Treasury he establish a federal bank
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Henry Knox
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nation's first secretary of war.
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Edmund Randolph
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an American attorney, the seventh Governor of Virginia, the Secretary of State,and the first United States Attorney General
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James Madison
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member of the Continental Congress and rapporteur at the Constitutional Convention in 1776; helped frame the Bill of Rights (1751-1836)
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Charles Pinckney
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Came up with the Pinckney treaty, solved problems between US and Spain
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General Anthony Wayne
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a United States Army general and statesman. Wayne adopted a military career at the outset of the American Revolutionary War, where his military exploits and fiery personality quickly earned him a promotion to the rank of brigadier general
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John Marshal
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United States jurist; as chief justice of the Supreme Court he established the principles of United States constitutional law
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Washington's farewell address
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Originally written by James Madison, speech given by Washington before his retirement during the end of his second term in which he advised against political parties, encouraged that the country steer clear of foreign entanglements, sought to advance the Federalist cause.
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Thomas Jefferson
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3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition to explore it
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XYZ affair
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French privateers began seizing American ships. War was undeclared, so it became the Quasi-war. A commision was sent to France, and they reacted negatively. The minister of foreign relations would not negotiate without a bribe of a quarter million dollars. The Americans refused. XYZ were the names given to the minister's lackeys.
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Naturalization law
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Established a 14 year probationary period before foreigners could apply for full U.S. citizenship, This was designed to keep Federlists in power and to keep "hordes of wilf Irishmen" away from polls for as long as possible.
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Election of 1796
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the first contested American presidential election and the only one to elect a President and Vice President from opposing tickets. Mainly between John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. Adams won, Jefferson became VP.
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Election of 1800
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Vice President Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent president John Adams. The election was a realigning election that ushered in a generation of Republican Party rule and the eventual demise of the Federalist Party in the First Party System.
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Quasi-war
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An undeclared war fought entirely at sea between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800. In the United States, the conflict was sometimes also referred to as the Franco-American War, the Undeclared War with France, the Undeclared Naval War, the Pirate Wars, or the Half-War.
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Convention of Mortefontaine
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A meeting between the United States of America and France to settle the hostilities that had erupted during the Quasi-War.
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Treaty of Greenville
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Signed at Fort Greenville (now Greenville, Ohio), on August 2, 1795, between a coalition of Native Americans & Frontiers men known as the Western Confederacy and the United States following the Native American loss at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. It put an end to the Northwest Indian War
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Treaty of San Lorenzo
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Another name for the Pinckney treaty
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Alien and Sedition Acts
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Authorizedd the use of federal courts and presidency powers to quiet Republicans.
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Virginia Resolution
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Penned by James Madison, urged the states to defend the rights of American people
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Kentucky Resolution
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A compact that states that states gave certain explicit powers to the national government but retained full power over all matters not speifically mentioned in the Constitution.
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