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37 Cards in this Set
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Religion |
Defined by geographers Robert Stoddard and Carolyn Prorak in the book Geography in America as “a system of beliefs and practices that attempts to order life in terms of culturally perceived ultimate priorities.” -Lillian Pham |
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Secularism |
The idea that ethical and moral standards should be formulated and adhered to for life on Earth, not to accommodate the prescriptions of a deity and promises of a comfortable afterlife. A secular state is the opposite of theocracy. -Lillian Pham |
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Monotheistic Religion |
Belief system in which one supreme being is revered as creator and arbiter of all that exists in the universe -Lillian Pham |
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Polytheistic Religion |
Belief System in which multiple deities are revered as the creators and arbiters of all that exists in the universe -Lillian Pham |
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Animistic Religion |
The belief that inanimate objects such as hills, trees, rocks, rivers, and other elements of the natural landscape, possess souls and can help or hinder human efforts on earth -Lillian Pham |
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Universalizing religion |
a belief system that espouses the idea that there is one true religion that is universal in scope. Adherents of universalizing religious systems often believe that their religion represents universal truths and in some cases great effort is undertaken in evangelism and missionary work -Lillian Pham |
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Hinduism |
One of the oldest religions in the modern world, dating back over 4000 years, and originating in the Indus River Valley of what is today part of Pakistan, Hinduism is unique among the world's religions in that it does not have a single founder, theology, or agreement on its origin -Lillian Pham |
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Caste System |
The strict social segregation of people, specifically in India's Hindu society, on the basis of ancestry and occupation -Lillian Pham |
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Buddhism |
Religion founded in the sixth century BCE and characterized by the belief that enlightenment would come through knowledge, especially self-knowledge; elimination of greed, craving and desire. completely honest. and never hurting any other person or animal. Splintered from hinduism as a reaction to the strict social hierarchy maintained by hinduism -Lillian Pham |
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Ethnic religion |
A religion that is particular to one, culturally distinct group of people. unlike universalizing religions, adherents of ethnic religions do not actively seek converts through evangelism and missionary work -Lillian Pham |
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Shintoism |
Religion located in Japan and related to buddhism. Shintoism focuses particularly on nature and ancestor worship -Lillian Pham |
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Taoism |
Religion believed to have been founded by Lao-Tsu and based upon his book entitled "Tao te-Ching" or book of the way. Lao-Tsu focused on the proper form of political rule and on the oneness of humanity and nature. -Lillian Pham |
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Fenshui |
Literally wind-water. The chinese art and science of placement and orientation of tombs dwellings, buildings, and cities. Structures and objects are positioned in an effort to channel flows of sheng-chi (life-breath) in favorable ways -Lillian Pham |
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Confucianism |
A philosophy of ethics, education, and public service based on writings of Confucius and traditionally thought of as one of the core elements of Chinese culture -Lillian Pham |
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Judaism |
Religion with its roots in the teachings of Abraham (from ur) who is credited with uniting his people to worship only one god. According to Jewish teaching, Abraham and God have a covenant. in which the jews agree to worship only one god. and god agrees to protect his chosen people. the Jewish -Lillian |
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Diaspora |
From the Greek "to disperse" a term describing forceful or voluntary dispersal of people from their home land to a new place. Originally denoting the dispersal of the jewish, it i increasingly applied to other population dispersals, such as the involuntary relocation of black people during the slave trade or chinese outside of mainland china, taiwan, and hong kong -Lillian Pham |
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Zionism |
The movement to unite Jewish People of the diaspora and to establish a national homeland for them in the promised land -Lillian Pham |
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Christianity |
Religion based on the teachings of jesus. According to christian teaching, jesus is the son of god , placed on earth to teach people how to live according to gods plan -Lillian Pham |
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Eastern Orthodox Church |
One of the three major branches of christianity, the Eastern orthodox church, together with the roman catholic church a second of the three major branches arose out of the division of the roman empire by emperor diocletian into four gov. regions centered in rome and two eastern regions centered in constaninople (istanbul turkey) -Lillian Pham |
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Roman Catholic Church |
Claims the most followers of all christian denomination, centered in rome. led by the pope -Lillian Pham |
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Protestant |
One of the three christian branches. Following the widespread societal changes in Europe starting in the 1300s CE, many adherents began to question the role of religion in their lives and opened the door to the Protestant Reformation wherein John Huss, Martin Luther, John Calvin, and others challenged many of the fundamental teachings of the Roman Catholic Church -Lillian Pham |
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Islam |
The youngest of the major world religions. Islam is based on the teachings of Muhammad, born in Mecca in 571 CE According to the islamic teaching, muhammad received the truth directly from Allah in a series revelations during which Muhammad spoke the verses of the Qu'ran, The islamic holy book -Lillian Pham |
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Sunni |
Followers to the largest branch of islam, called the orthodox or the traditionalist. Believe in the effectiveness of family and community in the solutions life's problems, and they differ from the Shiites in accepting the traditions (sunna) of Muhammad as authoritative -Lillian Pham |
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Shi'ite |
Followers of one of the two main divisions of islam. AKA Shiahs. the Shiites rep. the persian variation of islam and believe in infallibility and divine right to authority of imams, descendants of Alli -Lillian Pham |
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Shamanism |
Community faith in the traditional societies in which people follow their shaman-a religious leader, teacher, healer, and visionary, At times, as especially strong shaman might attract a regional following . However, most remain local figures -Lillian Pham |
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Pilgrimage |
Voluntary travel by an adherent to a sacred site to pay respects or participate in a ritual at the site. -Lillian Pham |
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Sacred Sites |
Place or space people infuse with religious meaning -Lillian Pham |
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Minarets |
Tower attached to a muslim mosque. having one or more projecting balconies from which a crier calls muslims to prayer. -Lillian Pham |
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Hajj |
The muslim pilgrimage to mecca. The birthplace of Muhammad -Lillian Pham |
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Interfaith Boundaries |
Boundaries between the worlds major faiths -Lillian Pham |
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Intrafaith Boundaries |
Boundaries withing a single major faith -Lillian Pham |
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Genocide |
Systematic killing or extermination of an entire people or nation -Lillian Pham |
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Activity Space |
The space within which a daily activity occurs -Lillian Pham |
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Religious Fundamentalism |
Religious movement whose objectives are to return to the foundations of the faith and to influence state policy -Lillian Pham |
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Religious Extremism |
Religious fundamentalism carried to the point of violence -Lillian Pham |
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Shari's Laws |
The system of Islamic law, sometimes called Qu'ranic law. Unlike most western systems of law that are based on legal precedence , Shari'a is based on varying degrees of interpretation of the Qu'ran. -Lillian Pham |
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Jihad |
A doctrine within Islam. Commonly translated as "Holy War," Jihad represents either a personal or collective struggle on the part of Muslims to live up the religious standards set by the Qu'ran. -Lillian Pham |
