Chapter 6...the Lymphatic And Immune Systems

Front 1

anti-

Back 1

against

Front 2

carcin/o

Back 2

cancerous

Front 3

immun/o

Back 3

immune,

protection,

safe

Front 4

lymph/o

Back 4

lymph,

lymphatic tissue

Front 5

lymphaden/o

Back 5

lymph node

or

gland

Front 6

lymphangi/o

Back 6

lymph vessel

Front 7

neo-

ne/o

Back 7

new,

strange

Front 8

-oma

Back 8

tumor,

neoplasm

Front 9

onc/o

Back 9

tumor

Front 10

phag/o

Back 10

eat,

swallow

Front 11

-plasm

Back 11

formative material of cells

Front 12

sarc/o

Back 12

flesh,

connective tissue

Front 13

splen/o

Back 13

spleen

Front 14

-tic

Back 14

pertaining to

Front 15

tox/o

Back 15

poison,

poisonous

Front 16

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Back 16

Commonly known as AIDS

The advanced stage of an HIV infection.

Front 17

allergen

Back 17

A substance that produces an allergic response in an individual.

Front 18

anaphylaxis

Back 18

A severe systemic response to an allergen.

Front 19

antibiotics

Back 19

Medications capable of inhibiting growth or killing pathogenic bacteria.

Front 20

antibody

Back 20

A disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen.

Front 21

antifungal

Back 21

An agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi.

Front 22

antigen

Back 22

Any substance that the body regards as being foreign.

Front 23

antigen-antibody reaction

Back 23

Aka...immune reaction

Involves binding antigens to antibodies. This reaction labels a potentially dangerous antigen so it can be recognized and destroyed by other cells of the immune system.

Front 24

autoimmune disorder

Back 24

A condition in which the immune system produces antibodies against the body's own tissues.

Front 25

bacilli

Back 25

Rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria.

Front 26

bacteria

Back 26

One-celled microscopic organisms.

Front 27

candidiasis

Back 27

A yeast infection.

Front 28

carcinoma

Back 28

A malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue.

Front 29

carcinoma in situ

Back 29

A malignant tumor that occurs in epithelial tissue.

Front 30

complement system

Back 30

A group of proteins that normally circulate in the blood in an inactive form. When needed, these cells complement the ability of antibodies to ward off pathogens by combining with them to dissolve and remove pathogenic bacteria and other foreign cells.

Front 31

cytokines

Back 31

A group of proteins such as interferons and interleukins released primarily by the T-cells. These cells act as intracellular signals to begin the immune response.

Front 32

cytomegalovirus

Back 32

A type of herpe virus found in most body fluids.

Front 33

cytotoxic drug

Back 33

Medications that kill or damages cells.

Front 34

ductal carcinoma in situ

Back 34

Breast cancer at its earliest stage before the cancer has broken through the wall of the milk duct.

Front 35

hemolytic

Back 35

Function of destroying worn-out erythrocytes (red blood cells) and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse.

Front 36

herpes zoster

Back 36

Aka...shingles

An acute viral infection characterized by painful skin eruptions that follow the underlying route of an inflamed nerve.

Front 37

Hodgkin's lymphoma

Back 37

Aka...Hodgkin's disease

A malignancy of the lymphatic system that is distinguished from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells.

Front 38

human immunodeficiency virus

Back 38

Commonly known as HIV

A bloodborne pathogen that damages or kills the T-cells of the immune system, causing it to progressively fail.

Front 39

immunodeficiency disorder

Back 39

A condition that occurs when the immune system response is compromised.

Front 40

immunoglobulins

Back 40

Antibodies that bind with specific antigens in the antigen-antibody response.

Front 41

immunosuppressant

Back 41

A substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response.

Front 42

immunotherapy

Back 42

Also called biological therapy

A disease treatment that involves either stimulating or repressing the immune response.

Front 43

infectious mononucleosis

Back 43

Aka...mono

An infection caused by the epstein-barr virus that is characterized by fever, a sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes.

Front 44

infiltrating ductal carcinoma

Back 44

Aka...invasive ductal carcinoma

Breast cancer that starts in the milk duct, breakds through the wall of that duct, and invades the fatty breast tissue.

Front 45

interferons

Back 45

Are produced in response to the presence of antigens, particularly viruses or tumor cells. They activate the immune system, fight viruses by slowing or stopping their multiplication, and signal other cells to increase their defenses.

Front 46

lymphadenitis

Back 46

Commonly known as swollen glands

Inflammation of the lymph nodes.

Front 47

lymphadenopathy

Back 47

Any disease process affecting a lymph node or nodes.

Front 48

lymphangioma

Back 48

A benign-tumor formed by an abnormal collection of lymphatic vessels.

Front 49

lymphedema

Back 49

Swelling of the tissues due to an abnormal accumulation of lymph fluid within the tissues.

Front 50

lymphocytes

Back 50

Aka...lymphoid cells

Leukocytes that are formed in bone marrow as stem cells. There are three types of these; natural killer cells, B-cells, and T-cells.

Front 51

lymphoma

Back 51

A general term applied to malignancies affecting lymphoid tissues.

Front 52

lymphoscintigraphy

Back 52

A diagnostic test that is performed to detect damage or malformations of the lymphatic vessels.

Front 53

macrophage

Back 53

A type of leukocyte that surrounds and kills invading cells. They also remove dead cells and stimulate the action of other immune cells.

Front 54

malaria

Back 54

A disease caused by a parasite that lives in certain mosquitoes and is transferred to humans by the bite of an infected mosquito.

Front 55

mammography

Back 55

A radiographic examination of the breast to detect the presence of tumors or precancerous cells.

Front 56

metastasis

Back 56

The new cancer site that results from the spreading process.

Front 57

metastasize

Back 57

The process by which cancer spreads from one place to another.

Front 58

myoma

Back 58

A benign tumor made up of muscle tissue.

Front 59

myosarcoma

Back 59

A malignant tumor derived from muscle tissue.

Front 60

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Back 60

The term used to describe all lymphomas other than Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Front 61

opportunistic infection

Back 61

Caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans.

Front 62

osteosarcoma

Back 62

A hard tissue sarcoma that usually involves the upper shaft of long bones, pelvis, or knee.

Front 63

parasite

Back 63

A plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism.

Front 64

rabies

Back 64

An acute viral infection transmitted to humans by the bite or saliva of an infected animal.

Front 65

rickettsia

Back 65

A small bacterium that lives in lice, fleas, ticks, and mites.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by this bacterium.

Front 66

rubella

Back 66

Aka...German measles or 3-day measles

A viral infection characterized by a low-grade fever, swollen glands, inflamed eyes, and a fine, pink rash.

Front 67

sarcoma

Back 67

A malignant tumor that arises from connective tissues.

Front 68

spirochetes

Back 68

Long, slender spiral-shaped bacteria that have flexible walls and are capable of movement.

Front 69

splenomegaly

Back 69

An abnormal enlargement of the spleen.

Front 70

staphylococci

Back 70

A group of about 30 species of bacteria that form irregular groups or clusters resembling grapes.

Front 71

streptococci

Back 71

Bacteria that form a chain. Many are harmless; however, other members of this group are responsible for illnesses including strep throat.

Front 72

systemic reaction

Back 72

Also described as anaphylaxis or as anaphylactic shock.

A severe response to an allergen.

Front 73

teletherapy

Back 73

Radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body that is precisely targeted with the use of three-dimensional computer imaging.

Front 74

toxoplasmosis

Back 74

A parasite most commonly transmitted from animals (pets) to humans by contact with contaminated feces.

Front 75

varicella

Back 75

Aka...chicken pox

A highly contagious infection caused by the herpes virus Varicella zoster.