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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ALARA |
Mnemonic meaning to keep all radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable |
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Becquerel (Bq) |
Unit of radioactivity in the International System of Units, equal to one disintegration per second |
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Classic Coherent Scattering |
Interaction with matter in which a low-energy photon (below 10 kiloelectron volts) is absorbed and released with its same energy, frequency, and wavelength but with a change of direction |
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Compton Scattering |
Interaction with matter in which a higher-energy photon strikes a loosely bound outer electron, removing it from its shell, and the remaining energy is released as scattered photon |
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Curie (Ci) |
Unit of radioactivity defined as the quantity of any radioactive nuclide in which the number of disintegration’s per second is 3.7x10 to the power of 10 |
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Germ Cells |
Cells of an organism whose function is to reproduce the organism (e.g., ovum, spermatozoon) |
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Gray (Gy) |
Unit in the International System used to measure the amount of energy absorbed in any medium; 1 Gy=100 radiation absorbed doses |
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International System (SI) of Units |
System of units based on metric measurement developed in 1848 and having units to measure radiation |
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Kiloelectron Volts (keV) |
Unit of energy equal to 1000 electron volts |
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Pair Production |
Interaction between matter and a photon possessing a minimum of 1.02 million electron volts of energy producing two oppositely charged particles, a positron and a negatron |
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Photodisintegration |
Direct interaction with the nucleus of the atom, causing a state of excitement within the nucleus, followed by the emission of a nuclear fragment |
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Photoelectric Interaction |
Interaction with matter in which a photon strikes an inner shell electron, causing its ejection from orbit with the complete absorption of the photon’s energy |
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Radiation |
Forms of energy emitted and transferred through matter |
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Radiation Absorbed Dose (rad) |
Unit used to measure the amount of energy absorbed in any medium; equal to 100 ergs of energy absorbed in 1 g of material |
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Radiation Equivalent Man (rem) |
Roentgen (R) a unit of exposure in air; that quantity of x-radiation or gamma radiation that produces the quantity 2.08x10 to the power of 9 ion pairs per cubic centimeter of air |
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Sievert (Sv) |
Unit in the International System used to measure the dose equivalence, or biologic effectiveness, of differing radiation; 1 Sv=100 rem |
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Somatic Cells |
All of the body’s cells except germ cells |
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X-rays |
A form of electromagnetic radiation traveling at the speed of light, with the ability to penetrate matter |
