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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the circuit of water movement frp, the atmosphere to the earth and back to the atmosphere through various stages or processes, as precipitation, interception, run off, infiltration, percolation, storage, evaporation, and transpiration
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hydrologic cycle
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all of the land and water within the geograpgical confines of a drainage divide or surrounding ridges that seperate the area from neighboring watersheds
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watershed
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liquid to gas -->
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evaporation
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liquid to gas --> vaporization
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transpiration
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the combined loss of water from a given area, and during a specified peroid of time, by evaporation fromt he soil surface and by transpiration from plants
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evapotranspiration
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Water balance equation
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P=ET+SS+D
Precipitation= Evapotranspiration+ Soil Storage+ Discharge |
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precipitation and irrigation may be picked off by plant foilage
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interception
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the downward entry of water into the soil
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infiltration
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that which is lost without entering the soil
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surface runoff
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lose water by percolation
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drainage
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pipe made of burned clay, concrete, or ceramic material, in short lengths, usually laid with open joints to collect and carry excess water from the soil
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tile drains
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crop residues left essentially in place on the land as a surface cover before and during the preperation of the seed bed and at least partly during the growing of a succeeding crop
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stubble mulch
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any tillage sequence that reduces loss of soil or water relative to conventional tillage
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conservation tillage
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cropland left idle in order to restore productivity, mainly through accumulation of nutrients, water, and/or organic matter
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fallow
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a device for measuring percolation (leaching) and evapotranspiration losses from a column of soil under controlled conditoins.
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lysimeters
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unsaturated zone above the water table
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vadose zone
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water within the saturated zone
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ground water
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the uppermost layer of an arable soil to the depth of primary tillage
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furrow
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a zone in the soil just above the plane of zero water pressure that remains saturated or almost saturated with water
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capillary fringe
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