Chapter 6 Section 1

Front 1

periodic law

Back 1

the statement that there is a periodic repeition of chemical and physifcal properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic number

Front 2

group

Back 2

columns or familes

Front 3

period

Back 3

rows

Front 4

representative element

Back 4

the groups designated with an A (1A through 8A) oare often referred to as the main group because they possess a wide range of chemical and physical properties

Front 5

transition element

Back 5

the groups designate with a B (1B through 8B)

Front 6

metal

Back 6

elements that are generally shiny when smooth and clean, solid at room temperature, and good conductors of heat and electricity; some metals are also ductile and malleable

Front 7

alkali metal

Back 7

group 1A except Hydrogen -- chemically reactive -- more than the alkaline earth metals

Front 8

alkaline earth metal

Back 8

group 2A -- chemically reactive

Front 9

transition metal

Back 9

group B elements or transition elements

Front 10

inner transition metal

Back 10

the lanthanide and actinide series are located along the bottom of the peroidic table

Front 11

nonmetal

Back 11

elements that are generally gases or brittle, dull looking solids, poor conductors of heat and electricity -- the only nonmetal that is a liquid at room temp is Bromine (Br)

Front 12

Halogen

Back 12

the highly reactive group 7A

Front 13

Noble gas

Back 13

extremely unreactive group 8A

Front 14

metalloid

Back 14

the elements bordering the stair-step line; elements with physical and chemical properties of both metals and non metals

Front 15

Newlands

Back 15

created early table of elements with every 8 elements being similar and calling the table the law of octaves

Front 16

Mendeleev

Back 16

1st to publish good table although it wasn't completely correct...some elemnts were no in the right order

Front 17

Mosley

Back 17

discovered the problem,,,he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic number instead of increasing atomic mass

Front 18

in 1860

Back 18

chemists aggreed upon a method for accurately determining the atomic masses of the elements

Front 19

periodic

Back 19

a pattern that repeats itself in a specific manner

Front 20

what mendeleev noticed

Back 20

when elements were ordered by increasing atomic mass there was a repetition in there properties; he also left spaces for the undiscovered elements

Front 21

S block

Back 21

groups 1A and 2A and the elements hydrogen and helium; s orbitals hold a maximum of 2 electrons

Front 22

p block

Back 22

groups 3A-8A

Front 23

D block

Back 23

transition metals; d-block elements are characterized by a filled outermost s orbital of energy level n. and filled or partially filled orbitals of energy level n-1

Front 24

f block

Back 24

inner transition metals

Front 25

ion

Back 25

an atom or bonnded group of atoms that has a positive or negative charge -- charged particle ((+) ion = cation and (-) - anion)

Front 26

ionization energy

Back 26

defined as the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom

Front 27

octet rule

Back 27

states that atoms tend to gain, lose or share electrons in order to acquire a full set of eight valence electrons

Front 28

electronegativeity

Back 28

indicates the relative ability of its atoms to attract electrons in a chemical bond