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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In a mutation called a ____, the chromosome fragment attaches to its homologous chromosome, which will then carry two copies of a certain set of genes.
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Duplication
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What is it called when the fragment reattaches to the original chromosome in the reverse orientation, producing a mutation?
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Inversion
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What is this event called when teh fragment may join a nonhomologous chromosome?
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Translocation
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What are the chromosome called when they carry teh genes that determine an individual's sex?
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Sex Chromosomes
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Of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in human somatic cells, 22 pairs are the same in males and females, these chromosomes are called _____?
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Autosomes
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What is a segment of DNA that transmits information from parent to offspring.
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Gene
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What is a rod-shaped structure that forms when a single DNA molecule and its associated proteins coil tightly before cell division?
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Chromosome
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When a chromosome forms a copy of itself, what is the called?
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chromatids
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What is the point called where 2 chromatids meet at?
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Centromere
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A human cells have 23 chromosomes, what are the pair called?
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Homologous chromosomes
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What is the point called where 2 chromatids meet at?
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Centromere
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Human cells have 23 different chromosomes, body cells contain two copies of each chromosome, for a total of 46 chromosomes.The two copies of each chromosomes are called WHAT?
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Homologous chromosomes
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When a cell contains two homologues of ewach chromosomes, it is termed WHAT?
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Diploid
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When is a egg cells adn sperm cells termed?
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Gametes
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A ------- cell contains only one homologue of each chromosome.
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Haploid
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What is the first stage of human development?
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Zygote
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What is the condition in which a diploid cell has an extra chromosome?
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Trisomy
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When a cell divides normally, each chromosoem adn its homologue, what is this event called?
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Disjunction
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When normal disjunction does not occur, one or more chromosomes may fail to separate properly, what is this accident called?
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Nondisjunction?
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What is this process called whan a physician uses a needle and syringe to remove a small amount of the fluid from the amniion, the sac that surrrounds the fetus?
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Amniocentesis
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In ___ __ ____, a physician analyzes a karyotype made using cells grown from a sample of the chorioic villi, fingerlike extersions of teh placenta that grow into teh mother's uterus.
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Chorionic Villi Sampling
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What are changes in an organism's genetic material.
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Mutations
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What is it called when a fragment of a chromosome breaks off,causing a mutation called ________?
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Deletion
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