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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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secondary education
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the system of middle schools, junior high schools, and high schools.
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comprehensive high school
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an educational institution that evolved during the first half of the twentieth century, offering a varied curriculum and designed to meet the needs of a diverse population of adolescents.
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social promotion
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the practice of promoting students from one grade to the next automatically, regardless of their school performance.
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critical thinking
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thinking that involves analyzing, evaluating, and interpreting information, rather than simply memorizing it.
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standards-based reform
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policies designed to improve achievement by holding schools and students to a predetermined set of standards measured by achievement tests.
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charter schools
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public schools that have been given the autonomy to establish their own curricula and teaching practices.
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school vouchers
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government-subsidized vouchers that can be used for private school tuition.
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schools within schools
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subdivisions of the student body within large schools created to foster feelings of belongingness.
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junior high school
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an educational institution designed during the early era of public secondary education, in which young adolescents are schooled separately from older adolescents.
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middle school
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an educational institution housing seventh- and eighth-grade students along with adolescents who are one or two years older.
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tracking
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the grouping of students, according to ability, into different levels of classes within the same school grade.
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gifted students
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students who are unusually talented in some aspect of intellectual performance.
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learning disability
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a difficulty with academic tasks that cannot be traced to an emotional problem or sensory dysfunction.
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mainstreaming
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the integration of adolescents who have educational handicaps into regular classrooms.
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big fish-little pond effect
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phenomenon whereby individuals who attend high school with high-achieving peers feel worse about themselves than comparably successful individuals with lower-achieving peers.
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social capital
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the interpersonal resources available to an adolescent or family.
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zero tolerance
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a get-tough approach to adolescent misbehavior that responds seriously or excessively to the first infraction.
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