Chapter 6 Rapid Changes On Earth

Front 1

slow movement of land along a fault

Back 1

creep

Front 2

sudden movement of part of earths crust

Back 2

earthquake

Front 3

where an earthquake is felt most strongly or has greatest intensity-the point on the surface directly above the focus

Back 3

epicenter

Front 4

crack in earth's crust

Back 4

fault

Front 5

very large ocean wave caused by earthquake in ocean floor

Back 5

tsunami

Front 6

study of earthquakes

Back 6

seismology

Front 7

the point underground where an earthquake starts

Back 7

focus

Front 8

The earths surface is constantly -------.

Back 8

changing

Front 9

A tsunami is a very large ocean wave that is caused by ---------.

Back 9

underwater earthquake

Front 10

Describe 2 kinds of movement that occur along faults.

Back 10

Creep and earthquake

Front 11

----------- cause rapid changes to the Earth's surface.

Back 11

Earthquakes

Front 12

What effect can a violent earthquake have on Earth's surface?

Back 12

Move rock, and over time mountains can be pushed up and valleys can be formed.

Front 13

After Earthquake Safety tips

Back 13

1-Know how to phone police or fire
2-Know which radio station
3-In case of gas leak, don't turn lights on/off, no candles or matches.

Front 14

How to stay safe during earthquake

Back 14

1-Stay indoors near inside wall/under sturdy desk or table.
2-If outdoors, find open area away from buildings.
3-If in car, stay there with seatbelt on.

Front 15

How is focus different from epicenter?

Back 15

Focus is point underground, epicenter is point on surface directly above focus.

Front 16

What materials to use for buildings?

Back 16

Flexible materials like wood and steel, x-bracing, to move and sway. No bricks or stone which crack and break.

Front 17

Drawing of a fault

Back 17

Drawing

Front 18

Drawing of Earth's surface, focus, epicenter.

Back 18

Drawing

Front 19

molten rock that reaches earth's surface

Back 19

lava

Front 20

molten rock beneath earth's surface

Back 20

magma

Front 21

opening in earths crust through which hot ash, gases and molten rock escape from deep within earth

Back 21

volcano

Front 22

A volcano ----- when pressure pushes molten rock up through earths ------ and onto the surface

Back 22

erupts, crust

Front 23

Volcanos change the earth's-------

Back 23

surface

Front 24

What causes magma to push its way through to the earths surface?

Back 24

Pressure

Front 25

What changes occurred as a result of Mt St Helens?

Back 25

1-hot ash/gasses blew into air
2-rock, mud/water crashed down mountain
3-landscape changed -left huge crater

Front 26

types of volcano eruption

Back 26

1-slow lava flow
2-sudden violent eruption

Front 27

How does volcano change earth's surface?

Back 27

creates different landscape, changes shape of mountains/craters, blows ash.

Front 28

How does magma differ from lava?

Back 28

Magma = beneath surface
Lava=molten rock at surface

Front 29

Volcanic Eruption Cause - Effect

Back 29

Pressure pushes magma upward

Front 30

What causes rock in earth's mantle to become magma?

Back 30

Heat in mantle turns rock into magma

Front 31

What questions would you ask witness of volcanic eruption?

Back 31

Ash? Lava flow? Violent or slow?

Front 32

What happened to trees after Mt St Helens?

Back 32

Knocked down by rocks, soil, mud, burned down by lava?

Front 33

What was not a result of Mt St Helens

Back 33

Slow moving lava building up mountain

Front 34

Landslide cause/effect

Back 34

heavy rains, melting snow, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions=
mud carries away trees/houses

Front 35

sudden movement of loose rock and soil down steep slope

Back 35

landslide

Front 36

Landslides cause rapid --------- to earth's surface.

Back 36

changes

Front 37

Causes of landslides

Back 37

heavy rains
melting snow
earthquakes
volcanic eruptions

Front 38

Mudslide/rockslide

Back 38

both sudden movement, flow down steep slope
mud = flow of mud
rock=flow of rocks

Front 39

Landslide cause/effect

Back 39

heavy rains, melting snow, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions=
mud carries away trees/houses

Front 40

sudden movement of loose rock and soil down steep slope

Back 40

landslide

Front 41

Landslides cause rapid --------- to earth's surface.

Back 41

changes

Front 42

Causes of landslides

Back 42

heavy rains
melting snow
earthquakes
volcanic eruptions

Front 43

Mudslide/rockslide

Back 43

both sudden movement, flow down steep slope
mud = flow of mud
rock=flow of rocks

Front 44

Loose rock more likely to landslide on gradual slope or steep slope?

Back 44

steep slope

Front 45

Town A = steep slope with 39 cm rain in one week.
Town B = steep slope with 3.5 cm rain each day for 2 weeks.

Back 45

Town A - heavy rain

Front 46

Which is not cause of landslide-
earthquake, tsunami, volcano or heavy rain

Back 46

tsunami

Front 47

3 rapid processes that change earths surface

Back 47

volcanoes, landslides, earthquakes