Chapter 6 - Genetics

Front 1

A self-replicating piece of extra-chromosomal DNA defines a

Back 1

plasmid.

Front 2

In repressible operons

Back 2

the substrate and the repressor molecule combine and prevent transcription or productions of the product thus causing the operon to normally be ON

Front 3

Match the following: site where RNA synthesis begins on DNA

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promoter

Front 4

The process where the information on mRNA is used to synthesize protein is

Back 4

translation

Front 5

Match the following: a gene which is continually expressed

Back 5

constitutive

Front 6

An enzyme that is only produced when its substrate is present is an

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inducible enzyme

Front 7

The Ames test is designed to

Back 7

detect chemicals with carcinogenic potential

Front 8

Match the following: genetic material that may move from plasmid to chromosome.

Back 8

transposons

Front 9

Which is incorrect about inducible operons?

Back 9

They have genes turned off by a buildup of end product.

Front 10

Mutations can occur

Back 10

all of the above

Front 11

Transduction occurs when

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The phage genome is incorporated into the host genome

Front 12

Viruses that transform cells and cause cancerous growth are called

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oncogenic viruses.

Front 13

The development of virulent, toxin-producing bacterial strains due to the presence of a temperate phage can occur in

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specialized transduction.

Front 14

What would be the mRNA complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence? AATTAGGCC

Back 14

UUAAUCCGG

Front 15

In a DNA molecule, opposite strands are

Back 15

complements of one another and are antiparallel

Front 16

If nucleotides are added/inserted into an organism's DNA sequence,

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a frame shite mutation has occurred.

Front 17

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes because only eukaryotes have

Back 17

All of the choices are correct.

Front 18

The anti-codon is found on the

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tRNA

Front 19

Resistance genes located on transposons

Back 19

all of these

Front 20

Match the following: genetic material that may act as a promoter

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insertion sequences.

Front 21

Mutations

Back 21

all of the above

Front 22

The operon segment composed of the gene that codes for a protein repressor is called the

Back 22

regulator.

Front 23

Plasmids

Back 23

all of the above

Front 24

Match the following: Transfer of genetic material via a sex pilus

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conjugation

Front 25

Match the following: Transfer of genetic material via a virus.

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transduction

Front 26

Match the following: requires binding site called pallindromes.

Back 26

Insertion sequences

Front 27

The cell component that processes the information on mRNA is the

Back 27

ribosomes

Front 28

All of the following are products of transcription except

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DNA.

Front 29

In DNA replication, the enzyme that is used to unwind the helix is

Back 29

Helicase

Front 30

Which of the following is incorrect about transfer RNA?

Back 30

The initiator tRNA in bacteria carries tryptophan.

Front 31

A sequence of bases on a gene that does not code for protein is called an

Back 31

intron.

Front 32

Transfer of DNA by competent cells

Back 32

Transformation

Front 33

Match the following: Enzyme that copies during DNA replication

Back 33

DNA Polymerase III

Front 34

Which of the following is not true of transposons?

Back 34

are self-replicating

Front 35

Match the following:DNA strand configuration

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anti-parallel

Front 36

Which is incorrect about pyrimidines?

Back 36

are only found in DNA, not in RNA

Front 37

Which is incorrect about purines?

Back 37

only found in DNA, not in RNA

Front 38

Genetic engineering

Back 38

all of the above

Front 39

Much of what was previously thought to be "junk" DNA has been found to have which purpose?

Back 39

It codes for RNA regulatory molecules.

Front 40

In bacteria, RNA synthesis is initiated at specific sites called

Back 40

promoters.

Front 41

A phage often establishes a state of _________ in which a portion of the viral nucleic acid is incorporated into the bacterial chromosome or a bacterial plasmid.

Back 41

lysogeny

Front 42

Semi-conservative replication refers to

Back 42

an original parent DNA strand and one newly synthesized DNA strand comprising a new DNA molecule.

Front 43

The site where the old DNA strands separate and new DNA strands will be synthesized is called the

Back 43

replication fork.

Front 44

All of the following are true about mutation except

Back 44

they are always detrimental to the organism they occur in.

Front 45

Damaged DNA can be repaired by

Back 45

all of these

Front 46

A term meaning genetic change is

Back 46

mutation

Front 47

Match the following: RNA that contains information for more than one protein.

Back 47

polycistronic

Front 48

The ability of living bacterial cells to incorporate DNA fragments from outside the cell into their own genome is

Back 48

transformation

Front 49

The process where DNA molecules are copied to RNA is

Back 49

transcription

Front 50

Which enzyme is mismatched with its function in DNA replication.

Back 50

RNA polymerase- synthesizes RNA primers.

Front 51

A set of genes under the control of the same regulatory elements defines an

Back 51

operon

Front 52

Match the following: Self-replicating extra-chromosomal DNA

Back 52

plasmid

Front 53

DNA polymerase III

Back 53

synthesizes new DNA only in the 5` to 3` direction.

Front 54

Which of the following is not true of bacterial DNA replication?

Back 54

occurs within the membrane-bound nucleus.

Front 55

The enzyme that copies DNA is called

Back 55

DNA polymerase 3

Front 56

The anti-parallel arrangement within DNA molecules refers to

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one helix strand that runs from the 5` to 3` direction and the other strand runs from the 3` to 5` direction.

Front 57

The enzymes that can proofread replicating DNA, detect incorrect bases, excise them, and correctly replace them are

Back 57

DNA polymerases.

Front 58

A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a

Back 58

Nonsense mutation

Front 59

RNA molecules differ from DNA molecules because only RNA

Back 59

All of the choices are correct.

Front 60

Which enzyme that fills in the spaces between the Okazaki fragments with the correct nucleotides?

Back 60

DNA ligases

Front 61

DNA polymerase reads DNA

Back 61

in a 3` to 5` direction only.

Front 62

The nucleotides of RNA are

Back 62

A, U, G, C

Front 63

Individuals with xeroderma pigmentosa lack a functioning

Back 63

photolyase.

Front 64

The enzymes that help pack DNA into the cell by coiling the DNA into a tight bundle are

Back 64

DNA gyrases.

Front 65

Groups of three consecutive bases along the DNA of a gene have the code for one

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amino acid.

Front 66

The following pertain to ribosomes during protein synthesis except they

Back 66

contain codons within their rRNA molecules.

Front 67

If a codon for alanine is GCA, then the anti-codon is

Back 67

CGU

Front 68

A type of control mechanism where the product produced in the pathway inhibits its own production at the enzyme level is called

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negative feedback inhibition.

Front 69

The transfer of DNA by direct contact between cells is

Back 69

conjugation

Front 70

The DNA of microorganisms is made up of subunits called

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nucleotides.

Front 71

The process where genetic information is carried to a new cell via a bacteriophage is

Back 71

transduction

Front 72

If the sequence of ATCGCACCT is copied from DNA to DNA what would the sequence be?

Back 72

TAGCGTGGA

Front 73

Match the following: enzyme that joins DNA fragments during replication

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Ligase

Front 74

Pallindromes are

Back 74

repreated inverted DNA sequences within a chromosome or plasmid.

Front 75

If a strand of mRNA is being copied by more than one ribsome at a time it forms a

Back 75

polysome

Front 76

The duplication of a cell's DNA is called

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replication.

Front 77

Match the following: insertion or deletion of DNA base

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frame shift mutation

Front 78

Synthesis of an inducible enzyme requires

Back 78

substrate bound to repressor.

Front 79

Match the following: Discontinuous replication

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Okasaki fragments

Front 80

All of the following pertain to transcription except it

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occurs on a ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Front 81

Transcription begins at a site called

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promoter

Front 82

Match the following: Jumping genes

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Transposons