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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Decomposition
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Serperation of a substance into two or more substances that may differ from each other and from the oringional substance.
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Electrolysis
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A process in which a chemical change, especially decomposition, is brought about by passing an electric current through a solution of electrolytes so that the electrolyte's ions move toward the negative and positive electrodes and react with them. If negative ions move toward the anode, they lose electrons and become neutral, resulting in an oxidation reaction. This also happens if atoms of the anode lose electrons and go into the electrolyte solution as positive ions. If positive ions move toward the cathode and gain electrons, becoming neutral, a reduction reaction takes place. Electrolysis is used for many purposes, including the extraction of metals from ores, the cleaning of archaeological artifacts, and the coating of materials with thin layers of metal (electroplating).
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Cracking
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The process of breaking down complex chemical compounds by heating them. Sometimes a catalyst is added to lower the amount of heat needed for the reaction. Cracking is used especially for breaking petroleum molecules into shorter molecules and to extract low-boiling fractions, such as gasoline, from petroleum.
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Hydrocarbons
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Any of numerous organic compounds, such as benzene, that contain only carbon and hydrogen.
H H H H H H H H H H ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! H-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-H ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! H H H H H H H H H H Decane H H H H H H H H ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! H-C-C-C-C-C-H + C=C-C-H + ! ! ! ! ! ! ! H H H H H H H Pentane Propane H H ! ! C=C ! ! H H Ethane |
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Synthesis
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Often two or more substances react together to form just one product.
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Polymerization
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Small molecules join up to form a long chain. There are two kinds of polymerization reaction: addition and condensation
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Addition Polymerization
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H H H H H H
\ / \ / \ / C=C C=C C=C / \ / \ / \ H H H H H H Ethane Molecules (monomers) |
