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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Perception and interpersonal perception and how they differ |
Perception- the process of experiencing the world around you and making sense out of what you experience. Interpersonal- the process of observing and interpreting the BEHAVIORS of other PEOPLE |
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What are the types of selection and what influences the attention process? |
Active perception: occurs when we are motivated to pay attention to particular information. (extra special attention to boyfriends or re-kindling with exes) Passive perception- occurs simply because our senses are in operation. ( noticing its cold because body responded, not yourself. any info you remember without real effort) Selective Perception: occurs when we direct our attention to specific details and consequently ignore other pieces of information... (2nd date with someone you really like, will ignore the bad things, and emphasize the good) Our confirmation bias with influence the attention process: A perceptual tendency where you attend to information that confirms what you already believe, and therefore manage to find all the evidence you need to support your expectations. |
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What are types of perceptual biases. |
CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZATION: Punctuation: how we make sense out of stimuli by grouping and dividing info into time segments with beginnings and ends. Superimposing: filling in info that is not there based on our assumptions. (333-333-3333) Clustering---Implicit personality theory: explains how we each have preconceived ideas about personality traits that come as a "package deal" (once we learn a few details about someone, we infer other traits that are clustered with the traits we observe) PERCEPTION BIASES: Heurisitcs: mental shorctus, prevent us from correctly interpreting info Oversimplification: principle of parsimony- simplest explanation is usually correct one.
horn effect- variety of negative qualities to people simply because we don't like them. fundamental attribution error self-serving bias |
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Types of organizational patterns and ex: |
cognitively complex: do not categorize others easily or quickly cognitively simple: individuals have very few categories for understanding others. Impressions: collections of perceptions about others that we maintain and use to interpret their behaviors |
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How are our impressions influenced by our cognitive abilities ? |
Simple and Complex. |
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Attribution Theory Causal Attribution Theory |
AT: Suggests that in trying to understand the world around us, we attempt to explain people's motives for their actions. The explanation we make is called an attribution. Two process: determining behavior, and making a judgement about the behavior based on the cause. 3 ways to assess behavior: locus of control, stability, controllability of his or her behavior. Casual Attribution Theory: |
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Barriers to accurate interpersonal perception? |
Attribution: explanation we make for people's behavior Oversimplification: Assuming that the simplest explanation is the correct one Over generalizing: treating small amounts of info as if they were highly representative Fundamental attribution error: Underestimating the situational causes for others' negative behavior and instead blaming the person Self-serving bias: believing that when things go right, we controlled them |
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Narratives: why important? |
Both sides of the story ? |
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Two types of perception checking and their parts |
Indirect perception checking: seeking additional info through observation to either confirm or refute your interpretations Direct perception checking: asking straight out if your interpretations are correct. 1. Identify the perception 2. Reconsider the accuracy of your interpretation and consider alternative explanations 3. Ask the other person for clarification |
