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46 Cards in this Set
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Mass Media |
diversified media technologies that are intended to reach a large audience by mass communication. The technologies through which this communication takes place varies. Broadcast media such as radio, recorded music, film and television transmit their information electronically. |
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Broadcast Media |
To transmit (a radio or television program) for public or general use |
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How is newspaper used as media |
By retelling events that occured in the past, entertaining readers through comic strips, and short stories, relaying the daily weather, and setting the political agenda. |
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How are magazines used as media |
Magazines may influence attentive policy elites and thus influence mass opinion indirectly through a two step flow of communication. |
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How is radio used as media |
In the year 1933 millions of americans heard President Franklin D Roosevelt deliver his first "fireside report". Many radio stations are political stations, influencing listeners every day. |
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How is television used as media |
Not only can viewers hear the news, but now they can see a real person deliver it to them, instead of reading, and or listening. Also it allowed more americans to get involved into more politics because it was accessible to most. |
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How is the internet used as media |
Today you have the option to either read the news, watch it, or listen to it, all on the internet. Thats whats so special about the internet. Also every thing just a click away, literally. You dont have to go searching for the info, you just to have the question in your head, and then you ask it. |
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Attentive policie elites |
leaders who follow news in specific policy areas |
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Two step flow of communication |
the process in which a few policy elites gather information and then inform their more numerous followers, mobilizing them to apply pressure to government |
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Private ownership of media |
Private ownership of the media gives the news industry in America more political freedom than anyother in the world, but it also makes the media more dependent on advertising revenues to cover costs and make profit. |
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Public ownership of the media |
Those on the Marxist side would see the ownership of the mass media as being highly restricted, making it hard for the media to be truly democratic and representative. But, they could argue that public ownership, like that of the BBC, provided that it is truly democratic, offers a correction and safeguard against the power of private and commercial interests. |
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Newsworthiness |
the degree to which a news story is important enough to be covered in the mass media |
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Market driven journalism |
both reporting news and running commercials geared to a target audience defined by demographic characteristics |
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infotanment |
a mix of information and diversion oriented to personalities or celebrities, not linked to the day's events, and usually unrelated to public affairs or policy; often called "soft news" |
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FCC |
an independent federal agency that regulates interstate and international communication by radio, television, telephone, telegraph, cable and satellite |
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Gatekeepers |
media executives, news editors, and prominent reporters who direct the flow of news |
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Horse race journalism |
election coverage by the mass media that focuses on which candidate is ahead rather than on national issues |
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Media Event |
a situation that is so "newsworthy" that the mass media are compelled to cover it. Candidates in elections often create such situations to garner media attention |
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Television Hypothesis |
the belief that television is to blame for the low level of citizens' knowledge about public affairs |
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Soft news |
News, as in a newspaper or television report, that does not deal with formal or serious topics and events.
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Political agendas |
a list of issues that need government attention |
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Going Public |
when a company undertakes its initial public offering, or IPO, by selling shares of stock to the public usually to raise additional capital. |
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Bias |
prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair. |
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Watchdog journalism |
informs the public about goings-on in institutions and society, especially in circumstances where a significant portion of the public would demand changes in response. |
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Political System |
a set of interrelated institutions that links people with government |
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Electoral College |
a body of electors chosen by voters to cast ballots for president and vice president |
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Caucus |
a closed meeting of the members of a political party to decide questions of policy and the selection of candidates for office |
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First Party System |
a model of American politics used in history and political science to periodize the political party system existing in the United States between roughly 1792 and 1824. |
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Second Party System |
a term of periodization used by historians and political scientists to name the political party system operating in the United States from about 1828 to 1854, after the First Party System ended. |
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National Convention |
a gathering of delegates of a single political party from across the country to choose candidates for president and vice president and to adopt a party platform |
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Party platform |
the statement of policies of a national political party |
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Critical Election |
an election that produces a sharp change in the existing pattern of party loyalties among groups of voters |
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Electoral Realignment |
the change in voting patterns that occurs after a critical election |
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Two Party System |
a political system in which two major political parties compete for control of the government. Candidates form a third party have little chance of winning office |
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majority representation |
the system by which one office, contested by two or more candidates, is won by the single candidate who collects the most votes |
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proportional representation |
the system by which legislative seats are awarded to a party in proportion to the vote that party wins in an election |
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party identification |
a voter's sense of psychological attachment to a party |
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national committee |
a committee of a political party composed of party chairpersons and party officials from every state |
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party conference |
a meeting to select party leaders and decide committee assignments, held at the beginning of a session of Congress by Republicans or Democrats in each chamber |
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congressional campaign committee |
an organization maintained by a political party to raise funds to support its own candidates in congressional elections |
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party machine |
a centralized party organization that dominates local politics by controlling elections |
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responsible party government |
a set of principles formalizing the ideal role of parties in a majoritarian democracy |
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Straight ticket voting |
a ballot on which all votes have been cast for candidates of the same party. |
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Swing vote |
a vote that is seen as potentially going to any of a number of candidates in an election, or, in a two-party system, may go to either of the two dominant political parties. |
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third-party |
The tendency of third parties to arise with some regularity in a nominally two-party system |
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Split ticketing |
refers to a ballot on which the voter has chosen candidates from different political parties when multiple offices are being decided by a single election |
