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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Light microscope |
Visible light is passed through a specimen and then through glass lenses |
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Magnification |
The ratio of an objects image size to its real size |
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Resolution |
The measure of the clarity of the image or the minimum distance of two distinguishable points |
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Contrast |
Visible differences in brightness between parts of the sample |
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Organelles |
Membrane enclosed structures in eukaryotic cells |
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Electron microscope |
Used to study subcellular structures |
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Cytology |
Fg |
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Biochemistry |
Ffg |
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Cytosol |
Semifluid substance in plasma membrane |
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Eukaryotic cell |
Ggg |
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Prokaryotic cell |
Gy |
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Nucleoid |
DNA in an unbound region in prokaryotic cell |
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Cytoplasm |
Liquid part of cell |
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Plasma membrane |
Selective barrier that allows sufficient passage of oxygen nutrients and waste to service the volume of every cell |
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Nucleus |
Contains most of the cells genes and is usually the most conspicuous oragnelle |
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Nuclear envelope |
Encloses the nucleus separating it from the cytoplasm |
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Chromosomes |
Single DNA molecule associated with protein. Chromatin condenses to form |
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Chromatin |
DNA and proteins of chromosomes are together |
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Nucleolos |
Located within the nucleus and is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis |
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Ribosomes |
Complexes made of ribosomal RNA and protein. They carry out protein synthesis |
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Vesicles |
Fgf |
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Endoplasmic reticulum |
Accounts for more than half of the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells and is continuous with the nuclear envelope |
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Smooth er |
Lacks ribosomes. Synthesized lipids, metabolize carbs detoxify drugs and poison and stores calcium ions |
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Rough er |
Studded with ribosomes. Secrete glycoproteins. Distributes transport vesicles and is a membrane factory for the cell |
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Glycoproteins |
Proteins covalently bonded to carbohydrates |
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Golgi apparatus |
Consists of flattened membranes sacs. Modifies products of the ER. Manufactures certain macromolecules. Sorts and packages materials into transport vesicles |
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Lysosome |
Membranous sac of hydrolytic enzymes that can digest macromolecules |
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Phagocytosis |
To eat other cells |
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Autophagy |
Use enzymes to recycle the cells own organelles and macromolecules |
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Vacuoles |
Large vesicles derived from the ER and golgi apparatus |
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Mitochondria |
The sites of cellular respiration a metabolic process that uses oxygen to generate ATP |
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Chloroplasts |
Found in plants and algae are the sites of photosynthesis |
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Thylakoids |
Membranous sacs stacked to form a granum |
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Plastids |
Chloroplasts is a group of plant oragnelle |
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Peroxisome |
Specialized metabolic compartments bounded by a single membrane |
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Cytoskeleton |
Network of fibers extending throughout the cytoplasm |
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Microtubules |
Thickest of three components of be cytoskeleton |
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Centrosome |
In animal cells Microtubules grow out from |
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Flagella |
Microtubule containing extensions that project from some cells. Moves cells around |
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Cilia |
Extensions that come from cells moves cells around |
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Microfilaments |
Solid rods. Bears tensions resisting pulling forced support cells shape |
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Intermediate filaments |
Support cell shape and fix organelles in place |
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Cell wall |
Extracellular structure. Protects the cells maintains shapes and prevents excess uptake of water |
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Collagen |
Gfdf |
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Tight junctions |
Membranes of neighboring cells are pressed together preventing leakahe of extracellular fluid |
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Desmosomes |
Fasten cells together into strong sheets |
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Gap junctions |
Provide cytoplasmic channels between adjacent cells |
