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35 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Cell theory |
A scientific theory that describes the properties of cells. |
describes Basic unit in all organisms. Describes the basic unit of reproduction. |
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Prokaryotes |
A microscopic single cell organism. |
Doesn't have a distinct nucleus. Doesn't have other specialized organelles. Include the bacteria. |
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Eukaryotes |
A organism consisting of a cell or cells. |
Include living organisms. Include eubacteria. |
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Nucleus |
A dense organelle present in most eukaryotic cells. |
Contains genetic material. |
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Chromosome |
a thin structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells.
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Ex. Gene that determines whether you'll be a boy or girl. May contain info on eye color and height while others may determine blood type. |
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Nucleoid |
A region within a cell that contains most of the genetic material. |
A nucleus like material. It is irregularly shaped. |
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Plasmids |
A genetic structure in a cell that can duplicate chromosomes. |
A bacterial DNA. The site of genes. |
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Flagella |
A threadlike structure that allows the cell to move. |
Enables many bacteria and protozoa to "swim". Like backbones are to humans, this is to cells. |
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Cell/plasma membrane |
a biological membrane or an outer membrane of a cell.the smallest structural and functional unit of an organism.
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These are microscopic. Consisting of a cytoplasm and nucleus. |
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Cell wall |
A protective outer layer of a plant cell. |
Gives strength to the structure. Surrounds the cell membrane. |
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Ribosomes |
cell organelles that consist of RNA and proteins.
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Found in the cytoplasm. Exist in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. |
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Cytoplasm |
The cell substance between the nucleus and cell membrane.The substance inside a cell. |
Contains Cytosol. The fluid in the cell. |
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Cytosol |
The water soluble components of the cytoplasm in which organelles reside. |
The cytoplasm excluding the organelles and insoluble components. Liquid component of the cell. |
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Organelles |
any of a number of organized structures within a living cell.
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Examples. Mitochondria, chloroplasts, nucleus. |
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Nucleolus |
a small spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell.
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Round and dense structure. Located inside the nucleus on eukaryotes. |
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Cytoskeleton |
a microscopic structure of protein fibers and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells.
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Gives cells their shape. Also AIDS in cellular movement. |
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Microtubules |
A microscopic tubular structure presents in numbers of the cytoplasm cells. |
"Conveyer belts"inside cells. Move organelles like mitochondria. |
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Micro filaments |
The thinnest filaments of the cytoskeleton. Found in the cytoplasm of eukaryote cells. |
Highly versatile. Have a tough and flexible material which helps in movement. |
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Rough ER |
A network of tubular membranes In The cytoplasm of a cell. |
rough material. Involved in synthesis. |
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Smooth ER |
An organelle doing in animal and plant cells. |
Has no roughness or projections on its surface. Involved in synthesis. |
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Golgi apparatus |
An organelle in eukaryotic cells that store and modifies protein. |
Near the nucleus. Consist of a Stack of flattened sacs. |
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Vesicles |
A fluid or air filled sac. |
In plants -filled with air. In animals or humans- filled with fluid. |
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Lysosomes |
An organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryote cells that contain enzymes that break down food molecules. |
Breaks down mainly proteins. Fuse with vacuoles to digest their contents. |
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Vacuoles |
A small cavity within the cytoplasm of a cell. |
Surrounded by a single membran with fluid, or gas in the case of plants. |
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Centrioles |
A small set of Microtubules near the nucleus, involved in the development of fibers. |
Found in pairs. Are self replicating. |
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Cilia |
Short, microscopic hairlike vibrating structures on the surface of some organisms . |
Delicate hair structure. |
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Mitochondria |
An organelle found in large numbers in most cells. Respiration and energy production occurs here. |
A double membrane. Form cristae. |
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Chloroplast |
A plastic that contains chlorophyll. |
Photosynthesis takes place here. In green plants. |
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Colony |
A community of animals or plants living together forming a connected structure. |
Ex. A group of bacteria growing together. Living as one. |
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Multicellular |
Consisting of many cells. |
A complex organisms interior description. Humans, animals and plants. |
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Cell differentiation |
The process by which a cell becomes increasingly specialized in form and function. |
Cell shape and size changes. |
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Tissue |
Part of the body on a living thing that is made of cells which work together to carry out a certain function. |
Aka. Flesh There are four basic types of these in the body, muscle, nerve,connective and epithelial. |
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Organ |
A group of tissue that performs a specific function. |
Examples. Lungs, brain,heart, stomach,liver, skin. |
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Organ system |
A group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions. |
Examples. Circulatory, muscular, skeletal, nervous, respiratory, digestive, reproductive. |
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Organism |
a living thing that can function on its own.an individual animal, plant or single called life form. |
Ex, bacteria, flower, human, cat |
