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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Depression |
A low, sad state marked by significant levels of sadness, lack of energy, low self-worth, guilt, or related symptoms. |
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Mania |
A state of episode of euphoria or frenzied activity in which people may have an exaggerated belief that the world is theirs for the taking. |
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Depressive Disorders |
The group of disorders marked by unipolar depression. |
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Unipolar Depression |
Depression without a history of mania. |
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Bipolar Disorders |
Disorders marked by alternating or intermixed periods of mania & depression. |
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Major Depressive Disorder |
A severe pattern of unipolar depression that is disabling & is not caused by such factors as drugs or a general medical condition. |
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Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder |
A disorder marked by repeated experiences of significant depression & related symptoms during the week before menstruation. |
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Norepinephrine |
A neurotransmitter whose abnormal activity is linked to depression & panic disorder. |
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Serotonin |
A neurotransmitter whose abnormal activity is linked to depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, & eating disorders. |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) |
A treatment for depression in which electrodes attached to a patient's head send an electrical current through the brain, causing a convulsion. |
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MAO Inhibitor |
An antidepressant drug that prevents the action of the enzyme monoamine oxidase. |
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Tricyclic |
An antidepressant drug such as imipramine that has three rings in its molecular structure. |
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Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) |
A group of second-generation antidepressant drugs that increase serotonin activity specifically, without affecting other neurotransmitters. |
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Vagus Nerve Stimulation |
A treatment in which an implanted pulse generator sends electrical signals to a person's vagus nerve; the nerve, in turn, stimulates the brain. |
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Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) |
A treatment in which an electromagnetic coil, placed on or above a person's head, sends a current into the brain. |
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Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) |
A treatment in which a pacemaker powers electrodes implanted in Brodmann Area 25, thus stimulating that brain area. |
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Symbolic Loss |
According to Freudian theory, the loss of a valued object (e.g., a loss of employment) that is unconsciously interpreted as the loss of a loved one. Also called Imagined Loss. |
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Learned Helplessness |
The perception, based on past experiences, that one has no control over one's reinforcements. |
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Cognitive Triad |
The three forms of negative thinking that Aaron Beck theorizes lead people to feel depressed. The triad consists of a negative view of one's experiences, oneself, and the future. |
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Automatic Thoughts |
Numerous unpleasant thoughts that help to cause or maintain depression, anxiety, or other forms of psychological dysfunction. |
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Cognitive Therapy |
A therapy developed by Aaron Beck that helps people identify and change the maladaptive assumptions and ways of thinking that help cause their psychological disorders. |
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Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) |
A treatment for unipolar depression that is based on the belief that clarifying and changing one's interpersonal problems will help lead to recovery. |
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Couple Therapy |
A therapy format in which the therapist works with two people who share a long-term relationship. |
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Bipolar I Disorder |
A type of bipolar disorder marked by full manic and major depressive episodes. |
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Bipolar II Disorder |
A type of bipolar disorder marked by mild manic and major depressive episodes. |
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Cyclothymic Disorder |
A disorder marked by numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and mild depressive symptoms. |
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Lithium |
A metallic element that occurs in nature as a mineral salt and is an effective treatment for bipolar disorders. |
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Mood Stabilizing Drugs |
Psychotropic drugs that help stabilize the moods of people suffering from bipolar mood disorder. |
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Second Messengers |
Chemical changes within a neuron just after the neuron receives a neurotransmitter message and just before it responds. |
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Neuroprotective Proteins
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Key proteins within certain neurons whose job it is to prevent cell death.
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