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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tenth Amendment-
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Grants power of public education to the state.
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First Amendment-
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Freedom of speech, of religion, and of the press.
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Two important clauses in the first amendment:
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1. Establishment Clause
2. Free Speech Clause |
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Fourteenth Amendment-
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Protects specified privileges of citizens.
"With due process of law" |
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3 categories related to separation of church and state:
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1. the use of public funds to support religious education
2. the practice of religion in public schools 3. the rights of parents to provide private education for their children. |
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Everson v. Board of Education (1947)-
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Court ruled that reimbursement did not violate the First Amendment.
*landmark case* |
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Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971)-
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Court ruled the legislation unconstitutional because of the excessive entanglement between government and religion.
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3 questions of the Lemon Test:
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1. Does the act have a secular purpose?
2. Does the primary effect of the act either advance or inhibit religion? 3. Does the act excessively entangle government and religion? |
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Segregation-
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legal and/or social separation of people on the basis of their race.
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Desegregation-
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the process of correcting illegal segregation.
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De Jure segregation-
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the segregation of students on the basis of law, school policy, or a practice designed to accomplish.
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Integration-
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the process of mixing students of different races in school.
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Edwards v. Aguillard (1987)-
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A state cannot require that schools teach the biblical version of creation.
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Lee v. Weisman (1992)-
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Prayers as an official part of graduation exercises are unconstitutional.
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Board of Education of the Westside Community Schools v. Mergens (1990)-
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Court rules that based on Equal Access Act of 1984, if only one non-curriculum-related student group meets, then the school may not deny other clubs.
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Santa Fe Independent School District v. Jane Doe(2000)-
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Prayer during football games is unconstitutional.
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Board of Education of Kiryas Joel Village School District v.Grumet (1994)-
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Court ruled that the district violated the establishment clause in that it was a form of "religious favoritism."
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Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills School District (1993)-
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Students who are deaf are entitled to have a sign language interpreter in all regular classes.
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Title I teacher-
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teachers in low income
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Public Law 94-142 (EAHCA)-
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Free appropriate education to all children with disabilities between the ages of three and twenty-one.
must have an IEP |
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Americans with Disability Act (ADA 1990)-
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Established AIDS as a disability
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Section 504 (1973)-
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three themes:
1. Equal treatment not the same treatment. 2. Appropriate education- must address their individual needs. 3. Handicapped person. |
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Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA 1992)-
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Two parts:
1. Tighter specifications for special education students. 2. Established an office of special education at federal level. |
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Civil Rights Act of 1964-
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Added legislative power to 1954 judicial pronouncement.
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Board of Education of Oklahoma City Public Schools v. Dowell (1991)-
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Court supervision was to continue until segregation was removed from every facet of school operations.
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Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)-
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separate but equal was established
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Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka (1954)-
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In education the separate-but-equal doctrine has no place and that separate facilities are inherently unequal.
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Griffin v. County School Board of Prince Edward County (1964)-
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The court instructed the local district court to require the authorities to levy taxes to reopen and operate a nondiscriminatory public school system.
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