Chapter 6

Front 1

What is the science that deals with the origin, nature, chemistry, effects, and uses of drugs.

Back 1

Pharmacology

Front 2

areas of pharmacology are:

Back 2

PHARMACOGNOSY
PHARMACY
POSOLOGY
PHARMACODYNAMICS
PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS
TOXICOLOGY

Front 3

the branch of
pharmacology that deals with biological, biochemical, and economic features of natural
drugs and their constituents.

Back 3

PHARMACOGNOSY

Front 4

the branch of pharmacology
that deals with the preparation, dispensing, and
proper use of drugs.

Back 4

PHARMACY

Front 5

the science of dosages.

Back 5

POSOLOGY

Front 6

the study of drug action on living organisms.

Back 6

PHARMACODYNAMICS

Front 7

the study
of the uses of drugs in the treatment of disease.

Back 7

PHARMACOTHERAPEUTICS

Front 8

the study of poisons, their
actions, their detection, and the treatment of the
conditions produced by them.

Back 8

TOXICOLOGY

Front 9

The science of treating disease by any method that
will relieve pain, cure disease, or prolong life is called

Back 9

therapeutics.

Front 10

The texts dealing with pharmaceutical
preparations include

Back 10

the United States Pharmacopeia
and National Formulary (USP-NF),
Drug Facts and Comparisons and the Physicians’
Desk Reference (PDR)
Remington: The Science and Practice of
Pharmacy is probably the most widely used
text/reference in American pharmacies.

Front 11

is
also referred to as the normal adult dose, the usual dose
or average dose. It is the amount needed to produce the
desired therapeutic effect. It is
calculated on an average adult of 24 years who weighs
approximately 150 pounds.

Back 11

THERAPEUTIC DOSE

Front 12

is a term that
applies to the range between the minimum and
maximum amounts of a given drug required to produce
the desired effect.

Back 12

DOSAGE RANGE

Front 13

the least amount
of drug required to produce a therapeutic effect),

Back 13

minimum dose

Front 14

the largest amount of drug that can be
given without reaching the toxic effect),

Back 14

maximum dose

Front 15

the least amount of drug that will produce symptoms
of poisoning).

Back 15

toxic dose

Front 16

is the least amount of drug that can produce death.

Back 16

MINIMUM LETHAL DOSE

Front 17

The two primary factors that determine or
influence the dosage of a medication are

Back 17

the age and
weight of the patient.

Front 18

has a more direct bearing on the dose than any other
factor, especially in the calculation of pediatric doses.

Back 18

WEIGHT

Front 19

is the most common factor that
influences the amount of drug to be given.

Back 19

AGE

Front 20

The drug is injected within the
dermis layer of the skin.

Back 20

Intradermal

Front 21

The definition of a drug is

Back 21

any chemical substance
that has an effect on living tissue but is not used as a
food.

Front 22

Drugs are
classified according to set criteria and fall into three
specific areas:

Back 22

· General—Drugs are grouped according to their
source, whether animal, vegetable, or mineral in
origin.
· Chemical—Drugs are grouped by their
chemical characteristics.
· Therapeutic (Pharmacological)—Drugs are
grouped according to their action on the body.

Front 23

are drugs that
cause shrinkage of the skin and mucous membranes.

Back 23

ASTRINGENTS

Front 24

are bland or fatty
substances that may be applied to the skin to make it
more pliable and soft.

Back 24

EMOLLIENTS

Front 25

are commonly used in
the symptomatic treatment of the common cold or
bronchitis.

Back 25

EXPECTORANTS AND ANTITUSSIVES.

Front 26

are agents that inhibit or suppress the act
of coughing.

Back 26

Antitussives

Front 27

are used
to counteract the physical symptoms that histamines
cause. Histamine promotes some of the reactions associated
with inflammation and allergies,

Back 27

ANTIHISTAMINES

Front 28

suppress the
growth of microorganisms.

Back 28

Antiseptics

Front 29

kill
susceptible organisms.

Back 29

Germicides