Chapter 6

Front 1

Articles of Confederation

Back 1

written agreement ratified in 1781 by the thirteen original states; it provided a legal symbol of their union by giving the central government no coercive power over the states or their citizens

Front 2

Land Ordinance of 1785

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•The Land Ordinance of 1785 was adopted by the United States Congress on May 20, 1785. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress did not have the power to raise revenue by direct taxation of the inhabitants of the United States.

Front 3

Northwest Ordinance

Back 3

•The Northwest Ordinance (formally An Ordinance for the Government of the Territory of the United States, North-West of the River Ohio, and also known as the Freedom Ordinance) was an act of the Congress of the Confederation of the United States.

Front 4

Constitutional Convention

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•A meeting held in 1787 to frame a constitution for the US

Front 5

Theory of State Sovereignty

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Sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory

Front 6

San Souci Club

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(French for "No Worries" or "Carefree"

Front 7

Primogeniture

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•right of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son

Front 8

John Woolman

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was an itinerant Quaker preacher, traveling throughout the American colonies, advocating against conscription, military taxation, and particularly slavery.

Front 9

Federalist Number 10

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is an essay by James Madison and the tenth of the Federalist Papers, a series arguing for the ratification of the United States Constitution.

Front 10

Shay's Rebellion

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•Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in central and western Massachusetts (mainly Springfield) from 1786 to 1787. The rebellion is named after Daniel Shays, a veteran of the American Revolution who led the rebels, known as "Shaysites" or "Regulators".

Front 11

Virginia Plan

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was a proposal by Virginia delegates, drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Philadelphia Convention of 1787.

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Committee of Detail

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•The Committee of Detail was a committee established by the Philadelphia Convention on June 23, 1787 to put down a draft text reflecting the agreements made by the Convention up to that point, including the Virginia Plan's 15 resolutions.

Front 13

Jay-Gardoqui Treaty

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•The Jay–Gardoqui Treaty of 1786 between the United States and Spain guaranteed Spain's exclusive right to navigate the Mississippi River for 25 years. It also opened Spain's European and West Indian seaports to American shipping

Front 14

Federalist Number 84

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is one of the Federalist Papers by Alexander Hamilton,

Front 15

Montesquieu

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•French political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755)

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3/5 Compromise

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•The Three-Fifths compromise was a compromise between Southern and Northern states reached during the Philadelphia Convention of 1787 in which three-fifths of the population of slaves would be counted for enumeration purposes regarding both the distribution of taxes and the apportionment of the

Front 17

William Patterson

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was a New Jersey statesman, a signer of the U.S. Constitution, and Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, who served as the 2nd governor of New Jersey, from 1790 to 1793.

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Republican

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•an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)

Front 19

Benjamin Banneker

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was a free African American astronomer, mathematician, surveyor, almanac author and farmer.

Front 20

Phyllis Wheatley

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•Wheatley: American poet (born in Africa) who was the first recognized Black writer in America (1753-1784)

Front 21

Society for the Relief of Free Negroes

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The Society for the Relief of Free Negroes Unlawfully Held in Bondage was the first American abolition society. It was initially formed April 14, 1775, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and held four meetings.

Front 22

Henry Knox

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was an American bookseller from Boston who became the chief artillery officer of the Continental Army and later the nation's first secretary of war.

Front 23

Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania

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•Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania is a series of essays written by the Pennsylvania lawyer and legislator John Dickinson (1732–1808) and published under the name "A Farmer" from 1767 to 1768.

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New Jersey Plan

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was a proposal for the structure of the United States Government proposed by William Paterson at the Philadelphia Convention on June 15, 1787. ...

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Anti-Federalists

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•Anti-Federalism is a political philosophy which opposes the concept of Federalism. In short, Anti-Federalists dictate that the central governing authority of a nation should be equal or inferior to, but not having more power than, its sub-national states (state government)

Front 26

Bill of Rights

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•a statement of fundamental rights and privileges (especially the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution

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Robert Morris

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•Morris: leader of the American Revolution who signed the Declaration of Independence and raised money for the Continental Army (1734-1806)

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John Jay

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United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court

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James Morris

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was a businessman, banker and political figure in Canada West.