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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is dementia?
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intellectual deterioration serve enough to interfere with occupational or social performance
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What is the most prevelent type of dementia?
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Alzheimer's
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What is the pathophys of Alzheimer's?
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cortical atrophy and loss of neurons and glial cells, particularly in the frontal and temporal lobes
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What is Alzheimer's related to?
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beta-amyloid proteins, leading to extracellular AB plaques
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What is Amyloid precursor protein?
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It is an integral membrane protein that is implicated as a regulator of synapes formation& repair, neural plasticity, mechanism for iron exports. **Serves as an intracellular chaperone protein within cells.
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What codes for APP?
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APP gene, which is on Chromosome 21
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How long is APP gene?
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367-770 amino acids
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What does APP undergo?
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Post-translational modification and many types of proteolytic processing to generate peptide fragments.
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APP cleavage by gamma secretase generates what?
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Insoluble AB fragments.
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APP cleavage by y-secretase increases when?
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After menopause/andropause with the hypersecretion of LH/FSH.
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What is an AB fragment?
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Fragment of APP, 39-42 amino acids long
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How long is an AB fragment in Alzheimer's?
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40-42 amino acids
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When AB fragments are formed, AB does what?
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Refolds all proteins that encounters into AB, thus there's an increase of AB peptides and a lethal decline in normal functioning cellular proteins
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What does an AB fragment contain?
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Presenilin, which is a major genetic risk factor for early onset Alzheimer's
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