Chapter 5 Vocabulary

Front 1

one of the factors that makes igneous rocks desirable as construction materials

Back 1

resistance to water

Front 2

igneous rocks that forms at high temps. adn are low in silica content

Back 2

mafic

Front 3

igneous rocks that form at very high temps. and are extremely low in silica content

Back 3

ultramafic

Front 4

term that describes an igneous rock texture in which there are no crystal present, used to describe volcanic glasses

Back 4

amorphous

Front 5

terms that describes igneous rocks that form from cooling magma, inside the Earth

Back 5

intrusive

Front 6

branch of Bowen's Reaction Series that shows the formation of the calcium and sodium rich feldspars e.g. the plagioclase feldspars

Back 6

phenocrystals

Front 7

high temperature magnesium and iron silicates, made of individual silica tetrahedrons

Back 7

olivine

Front 8

another term for decribing intrusive rocks, derived from the name of the Roman god of the dead

Back 8

plutonic

Front 9

one of the two fators used to identify igneous rocks, the mineral and chemical make-up of igneous rocks

Back 9

ophanitic

Front 10

one term that describes an igneous rock texture in which crystals are present but are not visible

Back 10

composition

Front 11

igneous rocks that from at low temperatures and are high in feldspar and silica content

Back 11

felsic

Front 12

intermediate to high temp. double chain iron- and magnesium-silicates

Back 12

amphibole

Front 13

molten rock that has made tis way onto the surface of the Earth

Back 13

lava

Front 14

another term for describing extrusive igneous rocks, derived from the name of the Roman god of the forge/ fire

Back 14

volcanic

Front 15

process in which minerals crystallize from a melt in a specific order due to differences in mineral melting points

Back 15

fractional crystallization

Front 16

a rare ultramafic rock that often contains diamonds, usuaally found in narrow tube- like sturctures call pipes

Back 16

kimberlite

Front 17

the presence of this substance in a rock or within a mineral crystal lowers the melting point of the mineral

Back 17

water

Front 18

term that describes an igneous rock texture in which large crystals are surrounded by a fine grained matrix, dual - grained

Back 18

porphyritic

Front 19

term that describes an igneous rock texture in which the grain size is extemely large

Back 19

pegmatitic

Front 20

branch of Bowen's Reaction series that shows the formation of the iron and magnesium silicates

Back 20

discontinous series

Front 21

igneous rocks that form at intermediate temperature and contain an intermediate amount of silica

Back 21

intermediate

Front 22

this characteristic of igneous rocks makes them strong and useful as construction materials

Back 22

interlocking grains

Front 23

one of the factors that affects the size of igneous mineral crystals

Back 23

cooling rate

Front 24

term that describes igneous rocks that form from cooling lava, on the surface of the Earth

Back 24

extrusive

Front 25

the large crystals that are found in porphyritic igneous rocks

Back 25

continous series