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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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periodic law
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the physical and chemical properties of the element are periodic functions of their atomic numbers
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periodic table
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an arrangement of the elements in order of their atomic numbers so that elements with similar properties fall in the same column, or group
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lanthanides
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the 14 elements with atomic numbers from 58 (Cerium, Ce) to 71 (Lutetium, Lu)
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actinides
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the 14 elements with atomic numbers from 90 (thorium, Th) to 103 (lawrencium, Lr)
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alkali metals
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the elements of Group 1 of the periodic table (lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, and francium)
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alkaline-earth metals
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the elements of Group 2 of the periodic table (beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium)
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transition elements
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the d-block elements are metals with typical metallic properties
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main-group elements
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the p-block elements together with the s-block elements
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halogens
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the elements of Group 17 (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine)
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atomic radius
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defined as one-half the distance between the nuclei of identical atoms that are bonded together
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ion
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an atom or group of bonded atoms that has a positive or negative charge
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ionization
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any process that results in the formation of an ion
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ionization energy, IE
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energy required to remove one electron from a neutral atom of an element
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electron affinity
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the energy change that occurs when an electron is acquired by a neutral atom
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cation
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a positive ion
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anion
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a negative ion
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valence electrons
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the electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds
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electronegativity
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a measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons
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