Chapter 5 Psychology Test

Front 1

Stream Of Consciousness

Back 1

William James, a continued flow of ever changing sensations, images, thoughts, and feelings.

Front 2

Metacognition

Back 2

thinking about thinking, The awareness of thinking about something can have survival benefits

Front 3

Consciousness

Back 3

1) an individual’s level of awareness to external events and internal sensations

2) Arousal

Front 4

Arousal

Back 4

to the physiological state of being engaged withthe environment.

determinedby the reticular activating system, a network of structures including the brainstem, medulla, and thalamus.

Front 5

Global Brain Workspace

Back 5

awareness, involving a variety of brain areas working in parallel

Front 6

Theory of mind

Back 6

consciousnessis the part of yourself that contains your private thoughts and feelings.

empathy and sympathy. Researchers propose thatchildren with autism may lack a well-developed theory of mind, which couldexplain their social deficits.

Front 7

Controlledprocesses

Back 7

the most alert states of consciousness. Individuals actively alert their attention toward a goal.

Higher-Level Consciousness

Front 8

Automatic Processes

Back 8

states of consciousness that require littleattention, and they do not interfere with other activities.

Front 9

Daydreaming

Back 9

between active consciousness and dreaming while asleep.

Mind Wandering

making plans, solving problems, creative ideas. keep minds active while coping, creating, and fantasizing

Front 10

Alteredstates of consciousness

Back 10

mental states that are noticeably different from normal awareness.

brought about through drugs, trauma, fatigue, possibly hypnosis, and sensory deprivation

Front 11

Subconscious awareness

Back 11

unawareness of many things that may be happening (such as your brain functioning) around you. Your brain is processing information without you even noticing it.

Front 12

Incubation

Back 12

the subconscious processing of information that leads to a solution to a problem after a break from conscious thought about that problem

Front 13

Sleep

Back 13

still somewhat aware of external stimuli

Front 14

Unconscious

Back 14

knocked out or under anesthesia

a person keeps unacceptable wishes, feelings, and thoughts that are beyond their awareness.

can have an important influence on our behavior

Front 15

Biological Rhythms

Back 15

controlled by biological clock, annual or seasonal cycles, twenty-eight-day cycles and twenty-four-hour cycles

desynchronized or set off their cycle by Jet Lag. work shifts or insomnia. Melatonin reduces jetlag

Front 16

circadian rhythm

Back 16

a daily behavioral or physiological cycle. sleep/wake cyles, body temp., blood pressure, blood sugar levels

Front 17

suprachiasmatic nucleus

Back 17

a small structure in the brain that synchronizes its own rhythm with the daily cycle of light and dusk and is based on information from the retina

Front 18

Sleep

Back 18

restoration, growth, and memory. mechanism for survival. body's cells increase production and reduce breakdown of proteins. Neurons used while awake a time to shut down and repair themselves.

Front 19

REM Sleep

Back 19

the formation of emotional memories in human

Rapid-Eye Movement

EEG shows fast waves that resemble those of wakefulness

Front 20

Sleep Deprivation

Back 20

often causing additional stress

can cause hallucination

affect decision making and problem solving

Front 21

electroencephalogram

Back 21

used to monitor the brain's electrical activity.

correspond to massive electrophysiological changes that occur through the brain in the fast, irregular, and low-amplitude electrical activty of wakefulness

Front 22

Beta waves

Back 22

relect wakefulness. They are the highest in frequency and lowest in amplitude and are more desynchronous

Front 23

alpha waves

Back 23

reflect relaxation yet wakefulness. They slow down, increase in amplitude and are more synchronous

Front 24

Stage 1

Back 24

sleep is characterized by theta waves that are slower in frequency and greater in amplitude than alpha waves

Front 25

Stage 2

Back 25

sleep still has theta waves, but it also has sleep spindles, which involve a sudden increase in wave frequency.

Front 26

Stage 3 & 4

Back 26

characterized by delta waves, which are theslowest and highest-amplitude brain waves during sleep

Front 27

Serotonin, Epinephrine, acetylcholine

Back 27

three important neurotransmitters that are involved in sleep

Front 28

insomnia

Back 28

the inability to sleep. It can involve havingtrouble falling asleep, waking up during the night, or waking up early in the morning.

Women have trouble because of iron deficiencies or hormonal changes

Front 29

Somnambulism

Back 29

sleepwalking, the deepest stage of sleep

Front 30

nightmare

Back 30

a frightening dream that wakens a person.

3 to 6 year old

Front 31

night terror

Back 31

sudden arousal from sleep and intense fear. 5 to 7 year old

Front 32

narcolepsy

Back 32

overpowering urge to sleep. may fall asleep while talking or standing up. Goes straight to REM

Front 33

sleep apnea

Back 33

stop breathing during sleep. infants, adults over age 65, obese. lost productivity, accidents, and health-related issues. SIDS - Sudden infant death syndrome

Front 34

manifest content/ Latent

Back 34

the dream's surface content. symbolized unconscious wishes.

The dream's hidden content or meaning (subconscious)

Front 35

cognitive theory of dreaming

Back 35

dreaming can be understood by applying the same cognitive concepts that are used when studying the waking mind. dreaming involves information processing, memory and problem solving.

Front 36

activation-synthesis theory

Back 36

dreaming occurs when the cerebral cortex synthesizes neural signals that are generated from activity in the lower part of the brain.

Front 37

tolerant

Back 37

take more and more of the drug to achieve the same desired effect

Front 38

physical dependence

Back 38

need for a drug. the person exhibits withdrawal symptoms

Front 39

Psychological dependence

Back 39

strong desire to repeat of drug for emotional reasons

Front 40

addiction

Back 40

physical and / or psychological dependence on the drug.

Front 41

Psychoactive drugs

Back 41

act on the nervous system to alter states of consciousness, modify perceptions, and change moods.

increase dopeamine levels reward system pathways, ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens

Front 42

depressants

Back 42

slow down mental and physical activity

Front 43

alcoholism

Back 43

acts as a depressant and slows down brain's activity. frontqal cortex holds a memory for the pleasure that was involved in prior alcohol use.

Long-term, repeated, uncontrolled compulsive, and excessive use of alcoholic beverages

Front 44

barbiturate

Back 44

depressant drug that decreases the activity of the central nervous system. originally sleep aids. lead impaired memory and decision making

Front 45

Tranquilzers

Back 45

reduce anxiety and induce relations. calm an anxious nervous person.

Front 46

opiates

Back 46

opium and depress the central nervous system's activity. their synapese become understimulated.

euphoric and pain-free. Increased desire for food and sex

Front 47

caffeinism

Back 47

overindulgence in caffine. mood changes anxiety, and dsleep distruftion

Front 48

nicotine

Back 48

main psychoactive ingredient in all forms of smoking and smokeless tobacco highley addictive, improved attention and alertness reduced anger and anxiety and pain relief

Front 49

Amphetamines

Back 49

"uppers" boost energey, stay awake or lose weight. Diet pills.

Front 50

cocaine

Back 50

rush of euphoric feelings. potent form of cocaine.

Front 51

MDMA (ecstacy

Back 51

both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties.

Ecstasy, X, XTC, hug beans and love drug.

effects on memory and cognitive processing

Front 52

hallucinogens

Back 52

modify a person's perceptual experience and produce visual images that are not real

Front 53

marijuana

Back 53

THC, disrupts the membranes of neurons

increase pulse rate and blood pressure, reddening of eye, coughing and dryness of the mouth

mixture of excitatory, depressive, and mildly hallucinatory

Alter sperm count and change hormonal cycles

a potential treatment for people, Aids, cancer, and chronic pain

Front 54

LSD

Back 54

change their shape and glow. Colors become like a kaleidoscope and amazin images. includes dizziness, nausea, and tremors

neurotransmitter serotonin, affect dopamine

Front 55

hypnosis

Back 55

an altered state of consciousnes or as a psychological state of altered attention and expectation in which an individual is unusually receptive to suggestions