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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A newborn
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Neonate
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Brain structure at top of spinal cord, involved mainly in functions essential for physiological survival
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Brain stem
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Outer covering of the cerebrum
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Cerebral cortex
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Hair-like tendrils found on a neuron's cell body and whose function is to receive neural impulses
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Dendrites
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A gap that must be bridged if neural transmission is to occur
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Synaptic Cleft
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Fatty substance that helps insulate neurons and speeds the transmission of nerve impulses
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Myelin
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Unlearned, organized involuntary responses that occur automatically in the presence of certain stimuli
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Reflexes
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Expressions used to describe the young infant's spontaneous, regularly recurring body movements
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Cyclic movements
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The stimulation of the sense organs
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Sensation
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The sorting out, interpretation, analysis, and integration of stimuli involving the sense organs and brain
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Perception
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The decrease in the response to a stimulus that occurs after repeated presentations of the same stimulus
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Habituation
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The initial response of humans and other animals to novel stimulation
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Orienting response
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Piaget's expression for a child's understanding that the world is composed of objects that continue to exist quite apart from the child's immediate perception of them
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Object concept
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Children's knowledge and beliefs about their mental world
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Theory of mind
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Changes in existing ways of thinking that occur in response to encounters with new stimuli or events
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Accommodation
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The process in which people understand an experience in terms of their current stage of cognitive development and way of thinking
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Assimilation
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A systematic, meaningful arrangement of symbols that provides a basis for communication
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Language
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The simplest unit of language, consisting of a single sound such as a vowel
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Phoneme
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A neural system of the brain hypothesized to permit understanding of language
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Language-acquisition device (LAD)
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Speech in which words not critical to the message are left out
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Telegraphic speech
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