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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Epidermis |
The superficial, thinner portion, which is composed of epithelial tissue |
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Dermis |
The deeper, thicker connective tissue |
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Subcutaneous |
Deep to the dermis, but not part of skin, consists of areolar and adipose tissues. Serves as a storage depot for fat and contains large blood vessels that supply the skin |
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Adipose |
Fat cells |
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Keratinocytes |
Are arranged in 4 to 5 layers and produce protein keratin |
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Melanocytes |
Develop from the ectoderm of an embryo and produce the pigment melanin |
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Langerhans cells |
Arise from red bone marrow and migrate to the epidermis wherein they constitute a small fraction of the epidermal cells. They also participate in immune responses against microbes that invade the skin, and are easily danged by UV light |
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Merkel cells |
The least numerous of the epidermal cells, they are located in the deepest layer of the epidermis, where they contact a sensory neuron |
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Callus |
A thickened and hardened part of the skin or soft tissue, especially in an area that has been subjected to friction |
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Corneum |
Consists of 25 to 30 layers of flattened dead keratinocytes. The cells are continuously shed and replaced by cells from the deeper strata. Between the cells are lipids from lamellar granules that help make this layer an effective water-repellent barrier. It's multiple layers of dead cells also help to protect deeper layers from injury and microbial invasion |
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Lucidum |
Is present only in the thick skin of the fingertips, palms, and soles. It consists of 3 to 5 layers of flattened clear, dead keratinocytes that contain large amounts of keratin and thickened membranes. |
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Granulosum |
At middle of epidermis, consists of 3 to 5 layers of flattened keratinocytes that undergo apopstosis |
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Spinosum |
Where 8 to 10 layers of the many sided keratinocytes fit closely together |
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Basale |
The deepest layer of the epidermis, and composed of a single layer of cubical or columnar keratinocytes |
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Keratohyalin |
A colorless translucent protein present in the granules of the granular layer of the epidermis, also plays a role in keratinization |
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Papillary region |
Consists of 1/5 of the thickness of the total layer. It's composed of areolar connective tissue containing fine elastic fibers |
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Dermal papillae |
Small finger-like structures that project into the epidermis |
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Meissner's corpuscles |
Nerve endings that are sensitive to touch |
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Reticular region |
Attached to the subcutaneous layer, and consists of dense irregular connective tissue containing fibroblasts, bundles of collagen, and some coarse elastic fibers |
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Pacinian corpuscles |
Nerve endings sensitive to pressure |
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Sebaceous glands |
Oil glands, simple branched acinar glands which secrete an oily substance called sebum which coats the surface of hairs and keeps them from drying and becoming brittle, it also prevents excessive evaporation of water from the skin, keeps the skin soft and pliable, and inhibits the growth of certain bacteria |
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Sudoriferous glands |
Sweat glands, the cells of these glands release sweat or perspiration into hair follicles or onto the skin surface through pores |
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Eccrine glands |
Type of sweat gland, simple coiled tubular glands which are found on the forehead, palms, and soles, the secretory portion of eccrine sweat glands is located mostly in the deep dermis |
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Apocrine glands |
Type of sweat gland, simple coiled tubular gland and found in the armpit, groin, and areolae and stimulated during emotional stress and serial excitement |
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Abrasion |
A wearing away of the upper layer of skin as a result of applied friction force |
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Contusion |
A bruise, resulting from broken blood vessels |
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Corn |
A small callused area of skin caused by pressure that irritates tissue |
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Cyst |
Abnormal, closed sac-like structures within a tissue that contain a liquid, gaseous, or semisolid substance. Cysts can occur anywhere in the body and can vary in size. The outer, or capsular, portion of a cyst is termed the cyst wall |
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Impetigo |
Refers to a very localized bacterial infection of the skin. There are two types, bullous and epidemic |
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Laceration |
a wound produced by the tearing of body tissue, as distinguished from a cut or incision. External lacerations may be small or large and may be caused in many ways, such as a blow from a blunt instrument, a fall against a rough surface, or an accident with machinery. Lacerations within the body occur when an organ is compressed or moved out of place by an external or internal force. This may result from a blow that does not penetrate the skin, and surgical repair is usually necessary |
