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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What percent of earth's surface is covered by water |
71% |
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Three states of water |
1. Gas (water vapor) 2. Liquid (water) 3. Solid (ice) |
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Heat energy exchange |
It changes the state of water. |
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Sublimation |
The direct change of water vapor to ice or ice to water vapor. |
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Relative humidity |
Is a ratio (showed as a percent) of the amount of water vapor that is in the air compared to the maximum water vapor possible in the air at a given temperature. |
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When relative humidity goes up |
As the air cools down. |
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When relative humidity goes down |
When the temperature rises |
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Saturated air |
Saturation vapor pressure |
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Saturation |
When the rate of evaporation and the rate of condensation reach equilibrium. 100% RH |
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Dew point temperature |
Is the temperature to which the air would have to cool in order to reach saturation. |
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Sling psychrometer |
Used to measure relative humidity. Wet bulb and dry bulb. |
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Environmental change rate (ELR) |
3.5 degrees per 1000 feet change in altitude. |
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Dry adiabatic rate (DAR) |
5.5 degrees per 1000 feet change |
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Moist adiabatic rate (MAR) |
3.3 degrees per 1000 feet change in altitude |
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Expansion of air |
Ascending air. Decrease in temperature. |
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Compression air |
Descending air. Increase in temperature. |
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Unstable air |
ELR> DAR & MAR |
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Stable air |
ELR< DAR & MAR |
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Clouds |
Coalescence of vapor droplets and condensation nuclei (dust, salt) |
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Stratus cloud |
Horizontal clouds |
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Cumulus |
Vertical form |
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Low clouds |
Strato |
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Middle clouds |
Alto |
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High clouds |
Cirro |
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Fog |
Clouds that touch the ground |
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Advection fog |
Warm Moist air passing over cooler surface (Monterey fog) |
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Evaporation fog |
Warm moisture evaporating into cooler air. |
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Upslope fog |
Moist air pushed up a hill (Appalachians mountains) |
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Valley fog |
Cool moist air settling into valleys. |
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Radiation fog |
Formed by the cooling of land after sunset by thermal radiation in calm conditions with clear sky. |
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Hurricanes |
Not frontal related, needs warm water as source for energy (release of latent heat of condensation). |
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Stages of hurricanes |
1. Tropical disturbance 2. Tropical depression 3. Tropical storm >38 mph 4. Hurricane >74 mph |
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Stages of hurricanes |
1. Tropical disturbance 2. Tropical depression 3. Tropical storm >38 mph 4. Hurricane >74 mph |
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Dissipation of hurricane |
Cold water, land fall (no latent heat) |
