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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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deformation
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bending, tilting, and breaking of the earth's crust
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isotasy
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balancing of the forces pressing up and down on the earth's crust
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isostatic adjustments
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up-and-down movements of the earth's crust to reach isostasy
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stress
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force that causes pressure in rocks of the earth's crust
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strain
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change in shape and volume of rocks that occures due to stress
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compression
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stress that squeezes crustal rocks together
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tension
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stress that pulls rocks apart
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shearing
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stress that pushes rocks in opposite horizontal directions
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folding
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permanent deformation or bending of a rock under stress
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anticline
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upcurved fold in horizontal ock layers
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syncline
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downcurved fold in horizontal rok layers
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monocline
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gently dipping bend in horizontal rock layers
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fault
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break in rock along whoch rocks on either side of the break move
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normal fault
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fault in which the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall
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fracture
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break in rock along which there is no movement
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fault plane
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surface of a fault along ehich movement of rocks occurs
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hanging wall
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rock above a normal fault plane
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footwall
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rock below a fault plane
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reverse fault
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fault in which the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall
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thrust fault
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type of reverse fault in which the fault plane is nearly horizontal rather then vertical
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strike-slip fault
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fault in which the rock on either side of a fault plane slides horizontally
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moutain ranges
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group of adjacent mountains with the same general shape and structure
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mountain system
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group of adjacent mountain ranges
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mountain belts
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group of large mountain systems
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terranes
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piece of land with a geologic history distinct from that of the surrounding land
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folded mountains
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landforms created when tectonic movements bend and uplift rock layers
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plataeus
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large area of flat-topped rocks high above sea level
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fault block mountains
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mountains formed where faulting breaks the earth's crust into large blocks and the blocks are uplifted and tilted
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graben
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long, narrow valley formed by faulting and downward slippage of a crustal block
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hot spots
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area of volcanism within a lithospheric plate
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volcanic mountains
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mountains formed when molten rock erupts onto the earth's surface
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dome mountains
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landforms created when molten rock pushes up rock layers on the earth's surface and the layers then are worn away in places, leaving seperate high peaks
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