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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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_______ are the most common lipid found in food.
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Triglycerides
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_______ fatty acids must be consumed in the diet b/c our bodies cannot make them.
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Essential
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_______ fatty acids have a "kink" which prevents them from packing tightly together & generally makes them liquid at room temperature.
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Unsaturated
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What is the process used to convert liquid fat (like cooking oil) into sold fat (like margarine)?
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Hydrogenation
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Name the leading cause of death in the United States.
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Heart disease
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Where does the majority of fat digestion take place?
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in the small intestine
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The most commonly occurring sterol in the diet is ...
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cholesterol
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The recommended intake of saturated fat is less than ___% of total calories.
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7 (seven)
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Olestra (Olean) is a _______ that may cause gastrointestinal distress if consumed in large quantities.
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fat replacer / fat substitute
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contain no double bonds & tend to be solid @ room temp.
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saturated fatty acids
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contain one or more double bonds & tend to be liquid @ room temp.
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unsaturated fatty acids
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contain no double bonds & tend to be solid @ room temp.
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*saturated fatty acids*
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hydrogen atoms are located on the same side of the double bond
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cis fatty acids
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hydrogen atoms are located diagnal from each other on opposite sides of the double bond
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trans fatty acids
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spherical compund in which fat clusters in the center & phospholipids & proteins around the outside
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lipoprotein
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type of lipid in which a fatty acid is combined with a phosphate-containing compound
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phospholipids
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type of lipid that has a ring structure
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sterol
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pick up cholesterol from the blood & return it to the liver
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HDLs
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transport cholesterol to the cells of the body
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LDLs
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The recommended intake of cholesterol is less than ____ mg per day.
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300
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Selenium is involved in the maintenance of our body temperature and __________.
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basal metabolism
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Upper body obesity increases a person's risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and __________.
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hypertension
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Our bodies can make niacin from this amino acid.
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tryptophan
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Pregnant women require an additional ____ calories per day.
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300
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Food borne infections with ____ are especially dangerous for pregnany women b/c they can lead to miscarriage or stillbirth.
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Listeria monocytogenes
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When oxygen availability is limited in the cell, pyruvic acid is converted to ...
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lactic acid
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Bacteria in the mouth feed on ____ & cause cavities.
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carbohydrates
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What deficiency inhibits the uptake of glucose by the cells causing a rise in blood glucose & insulin levels?
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chromium
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A hormone produced by fat tissue that decreases food intake, body weight, & body fat.
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Leptin
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When __________ levels in the female body are low, it is difficult for the body to retain calcium.
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estrogen
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