Chapter 5 - Cell Activity - Part 1

Front 1

most activities in the cell involve

Back 1

chemical change

Front 2

to synthesize means to

Back 2

put together

Front 3

cells use some of the _________ present in the nonliving environment

Back 3

elements

Front 4

what are the 4 elements in the greatest amounts found in the cell?

Back 4

carbon hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen

Front 5

compounds that do not have the elements carbon and hydrogen in chemical combination are _________ __________

Back 5

inorganic compounds

Front 6

compounds that contain the elements carbon and hydrogen in chemical combination are

Back 6

organic compounds

Front 7

organic compounds are produced by living ______ and ________ and can be __________ in the labratory

Back 7

plants & animals & synthesized

Front 8

organic compounds that include all starches and sugars are ____________

Back 8

carbohydrates

Front 9

what three elements do carbohydrates contain?

Back 9

carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Front 10

all starches and sugars are built from the basic unit _______ which is a single sugar or _____________
_______________

Back 10

glucose, monosaccharide

Front 11

besides glucose other monosaccharides are _________ (friut sugar) and ______ (found in nucleic acids)

Back 11

fructose & ribose

Front 12

A double sugar or ___________ is formed when two molecules of single sugars are combined chemically. A molecule of ______ is also formed when this takes place

Back 12

disaccharide & water

Front 13

the chemical joining of several small molecules to produce a larger molecule is called __________

Back 13

synthesis

Front 14

the formation of water during synthesis is known as __________ _________

Back 14

dehydration synthesis

Front 15

a cells primary source of energy is _____________

Back 15

carbohydrates

Front 16

when many monosaccharides chemically combine by dehydration synthesis a complex carbohydrate called a ________________ is formed

Back 16

polysacchride

Front 17

polysaccharides that form the cell walls of plants are called _________

Back 17

cellulose

Front 18

carbohydrate and protien compounds are called ______________

Back 18

glycoprotiens

Front 19

a group of organic compounds that include the fat and fatlike substances are _____

Back 19

lipids

Front 20

what three elements do lipids contains?

Back 20

carbon & hydrogen & oxygen

Front 21

what is the diffrence between the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in a carbohydrate molecule and a lipid molecule?

Back 21

in a lipid molecule the ration of hydrogen to oxygen is much greater than 2:1

Front 22

what 2 basic units are lipid made up of?

Back 22

alcohol & fatty acids

Front 23

during what process are some lipids formed?

Back 23

dehydration synthesis

Front 24

which contains more energy , a lipid molecule or a carbohydrate molecule?

Back 24

a lipid molecule

Front 25

protiens contain what 4 elements?

Back 25

carbon & hydrogen & oxygen & nitrogen

Front 26

what is a protien molecule constructed from?

Back 26

amino acids

Front 27

there are __ amino acids found in living cells. they are called _________ amino acids

Back 27

20 & essential

Front 28

proteins are formed by _________ _________ when 2 or more amino acid groups are joined chemically

Back 28

dehydration synthesis

Front 29

__________ are formed when 2 amino acids are joined chemically

Back 29

dipeptides

Front 30

____________ are fromed by the dehydration synthesis of a number of amino acid groups

Back 30

polypeptides

Front 31

a protien is usually made up of one or more ___________

Back 31

polypeptides

Front 32

how is variety in proteins made possible?

Back 32

by variability in structure

Front 33

what are the most abundant of the organic compounds in the body cells?

Back 33

protiens

Front 34

name some fibrous structures in the body that are comprised of proteins?

Back 34

hair & nails& ligaments

Front 35

name five other uses for protein in the body

Back 35

hemoglobin & insulin & enzymes & protoplasm

Front 36

the group of organic compounds that pass hereditary information fromm one generation to another are _______ _____

Back 36

nuclieic acids

Front 37

the type of nucleic acid out of which genes are made are ___

Back 37

dna

Front 38

The group of nucleic acids that controls the building of proteins is ______________

Back 38

RNA

Front 39

An important characteristic of nucleic acid is their ability to carry information from ______ in the cell nucleus to certain structures in the __________ that direct major ___________ processes

Back 39

genes, cytoplasm, biochemical