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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the components of the integumentary system? |
Hair, skin, nails, glands. |
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What are the functions of the integument? |
Protection, sensation, temperature regulation, Vitamin D production, excretion. |
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What are the layers of the skin? |
Epidermis, dermis. |
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What tissue makes up the epidermis? |
Stratified squamous epithelial tissue |
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What layers make up the epidermis? |
Stratum corneum Stratum lucidum Stratum granulosum Stratum spinosum Stratum basale
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What does the papillary later do? |
-Increases surface area -Has more hemidesmosomes so the dermis and hypodermis don't detach (had adhesive factors) |
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Which part of the skin is vascular? |
Dermis |
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What tissue makes up the dermis? |
Dense irregular connective tissue (areolar ) |
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What are the parts of the hair? |
Medulla-center Cortex- bulk of the hair Cuticle-hard keratin |
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Hair papilla |
Vessels that nourishes the hair matrix |
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What determines hair color? |
Melanin Eumelanin- black/brown Pheomelanin-red |
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Holocrine glands |
Secretes the entire cell. Cell death then is secreted |
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Cebum |
Sebaceous gland secretions |
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Subcutaneous tissue |
Also known as hypodermis, superficial fascia |
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What cells are in the hyodermis? |
Fibroblasts Adipose cells Macrophages |
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Lanugo |
Only on the fetus |
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Terminal hairs |
Replace lanugo of the scalp, eyelids, and eyebrows |
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Vellus |
Replaces lanugo on the rest of the body |
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Hypodermis contains... |
One half body adipose tissue
Acts as energy source, insulation, padding |
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Eccrine |
Also known as Merocrine glands |
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Merocrine glands located? |
Located in palms and soles Absent from lip margins, and genitalia |
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Sudoriferous glands |
Modified apocrine gland (A portion of the cell is secreated) |
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What makes sudoriferous glands odiferous ? |
Bacteria that feeds on proteins (hormones) |
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Ceruminous glands |
Modified Merocrine sweat glands, external auditory meatus Function: prevents Sittang insects from entry. Keeps ear drum supple. |
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Earwax |
Cerumen, combination of sebum and secretion from ceruminous glands |
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Mammary glands |
Modified apocrine |
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What cells contract in mammary glands |
Myoepithelial cells contract to release breast milk |
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What are the most cells within the epidermis
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Keratinocytes Melanocytes Langerhans Merkel Cells |
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What are Merkel Cells
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Tactile cells, sense light pressures
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Langerhans Cells
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A white blood cell found within the epidermis
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Melanocytes
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Contribute to skin color. Melanin produced by melanocytes, then transferred over to keratinocytes to protect the DNA within it from UV rays
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Which layer is high mitotic activity
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Stratum Basale
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What is the difference between thick and thin skin
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Thin skin does not have Stratum lucidum, thick skin does
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Why does UV light reduce the body defenses against disease
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dendritic cells could be destroyed by the uv rays, which takes away the early warning aspect. Basale can also be destroyed, which lowers the corneum layer, thinning out the first line of defense. |
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Thick skin
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placed mostly on the hands, and soles of our feet, high pressure areas subject to pressure or friction |
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What creates fingerprints
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formed by the papillae of underlying dermis in parallel rows
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thin skin
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lacks stratum lucidum more flexible hair grows here |
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eponychium
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cuticle of the nail, corneum superficial to nail body
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hyponychium |
corneum beneath the free edge
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Nail bed, and matrix
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cells that give rise to the nail
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matrix is....
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high mitotic cell activity
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How does sweating cool us off?
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Arterioles in dermis change diameter as temperature changes More/ less blood flows in the dermis Hypothermic - less blood in dermis Hyperthermic more blood in dermis |
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What layers are affected by theses burns? 1st degree 2nd degree 3rd degree |
1st degree- epidermis 2nd degree- dermis 3rd degree- hypodermis or deeper |
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What does the epidermis do?
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Protects against water loss, abrasions, bacteria. |
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Why do we get wrinkles with age?
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Collagen decreases (causes the epidermis to thin) Decrease in elastic fibers |
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What effects come with aging on skin?
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Functioning melanocytes decrease or increase Decrease in blood supply to the dermis Sebum not secreted as well Wrinkling - lack of collagen and elastic fibers |
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What does our hair protect us from?
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Head - insulator (hypothermia), against UV rayseyebrows - sweat falling into eyeseyelashes - foreign objectsnose - dust, parasites
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