Chapter 5

Front 1

abrasion

Back 1

scraping or rubbing away of skin or mucous membrane as a result of friction to the area

Front 2

abscess

Back 2

a localized collection of pus in any part of the body

Front 3

albino

Back 3

an individual with a marked deficiency of pigment in the eyes, hair, and skin

Front 4

alopecia

Back 4

partial or complete loss of hair. may result fr normal aging, reaction to a medication such as anticancer med, endocrine disorder, or some skin disease

Front 5

amputation

Back 5

surgical removal of a part of the body or a limb or a part of a limb; performed to treat recurrent infections or gangrene of a limb

Front 6

basal layer

Back 6

deepest of the five layer of epidermis

Front 7

bedsore

Back 7

an inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony prominence of the body-resulting fr loss of blood supply and oxygen to the area due to prolonged pressure on the body partl also known as a decubitis ulcer or pressure sore

Front 8

blackhead

Back 8

an open comedo, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum with the opeing of a hair follicle

Front 9

blister

Back 9

a small-thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid; a vesicle

Front 10

boil

Back 10

a localized pus-producing infection rginating deep in a hair follicle; a furuncle

Front 11

bruise

Back 11

a bluish-black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membreane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result o an injury to the area

Front 12

bulla

Back 12

a large blister

Front 13

carbuncle

Back 13

a circumsribed inflammation of the skin and deeper tissue that contains pus, which eventually disharges to the skin surface

Front 14

cellutitis

Back 14

a diffusd acute infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, characterized b localized heat, deep redness, pain, and swelling

Front 15

cerumen

Back 15

ear wax

Front 16

ceruminous gland

Back 16

modified sweat gland that lubricates the skin of the ear canal with a yellowish-brown waxy substance called cerumen (ear wax)

Front 17

cicatrix

Back 17

a scar; the pale, firm tissure that forms in the healing of a wound

Front 18

collagen

Back 18

the protein substance that forms the glistnening inelastic fibers connective tissure such as tendons ligaments, and fascia

Front 19

comedo

Back 19

typical lesion of acne vulgaris, caused by accumulation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle (close comdeo=whitehead; open comedo=blackhead)

Front 20

contusion

Back 20

an injury to a part of the body w/out a breakin in the skin

Front 21

corium

Back 21

the dermis; layer of the skin just under the epidermis

Front 22

cryosurgery

cry/o

Back 22

noninvasive treatment that uses subfreezng temperature to freeze and destroy the tissue. coolants such as liquidnitrogen are used in the metal probe

cold

Front 23

curettage

Back 23

the process of scraping material from the wall of a cavity or other surface for the purpose of removing abnormal tissue or unwanted material

Front 24

cutaneous membrane

cutane/o

-ous

Back 24

the skin

skin

pertaining to

Front 25

cuticle

Back 25

a fold of skin that covers the root of the fingernail or toenail

Front 26

cyanosis

cyan/o

-osis

Back 26

condition of a bluish discoloration of the skin

blue

conidition

Front 27

cyst

Back 27

a closed sac or pouch in or w/in the skin that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material

Front 28

debridement

Back 28

removal of debris, foreign objects, and damaged or necrotic tissure fr a wound n order to prevent infection and to promote healing

Front 29

dermatitis

dermmat/o

-itis

Back 29

inflammation of the skin

skin

inflammation

Front 30

dermatologist

-logist

Back 30

physician who specialized in the treatment of disese and disorders of the skin

specialist in the study of

Front 31

dermatology

-logy

Back 31

the study of the skin

the study of

Front 32

dermis

-is

Back 32

the layer of skin immediately beneath the epidermis; the corium

noun endin

Front 33

disphoresis

Back 33

the secretion of sweat

Front 34

ecchymosis

Back 34

bluish-black discoloration of an area of the skin or mucous membrane caused by an escape of blood into the tissues as a result of injury to the area; bruise or black-blue mark

Front 35

electrodesiccation

Back 35

technique that uses an electrical spark to burn and destroy tissue, used primarily for the removal of surface lesions

Front 36

epidermis

-epi

Back 36

outermost laye of skin

upon, over

Front 37

epidermoid cyst

-oid

Back 37

cyst filled w/ a chessy material composed of sebum and epithelial debris that has formed in he duct of a sebaceous glad; sebaceous cyst

resmebling

Front 38

epithelium

Back 38

tisue thatcovers the internal and external surfaces of the body

Front 39

erythema

erythr/o

Back 39

rednesss of the skin due to capillary dilatation

red

Front 40

erythremia

-emia

Back 40

an abnormal increase in the number of red blod cells; polycythemia vera

blood condition

Front 41

erythroderma

Back 41

see erythem

Front 42

excoriation

Back 42

injury to the surface of the skin caused by traua, such as scratching or abrasions

Front 43

exfoliation

Back 43

reeling r sloughing off of tssue cells, as in peeling of the skin after a severe burn

Front 44

fissure

Back 44

cracklike sore or groove in the skin or mucous membrane

Front 45

fistu

Back 45

bnormal passageway between 2 tubular organs (rectum and vagina) or from an organ to the body surfce

Front 46

furnucle

Back 46

localized pus-producing infection originating deep in a hair follicle; a boil

Front 47

gangrene

Back 47

death of tissue, most often involving the extremities. ususally result f ischemia (loss of blood supply to an area), bacterial invasion, and subsequent putrefaction (decaying) of tissue

Front 48

hair follicle

Back 48

tiny tube within the dermis tat contains the root of a hair shaft

Front 49

hair root

Back 49

portion of a strand of hair that is embedded in th hair follicle

Front 50

hair shaft

Back 50

the visible part of the hair

Front 51

hemangioma

hem/o

angi/o

-oma

Back 51

benign (nonmalignant) tumor that consists of a mass of blood vessels and has a reddish-purple color

blood

vessel

tumor

Front 52

heparin

Back 52

a natural anticolagulant substance produced by the the body tissues; also produced in labs for theraputic use as heparin sdium

Front 53

hirsutism

Back 53

excessive body hair in an adult male distribution pattern, occurring in women

Front 54

histamine

Back 54

substance (found in cells) that is released in allergic inflammatory reaction

Front 55

histiocyte

histi/o

cyt/o

Back 55

macrophage; large phagocytic cell (cell that ingests microorganisms other cells, and foreign particles) occurrig in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue

tissure

cell

Front 56

hives

Back 56

circumscribed, slightly elevated lesions of the skin that are paler in the center than its surrounding edges

Front 57

hydrocele

hydr/o

-cele

Back 57

collection of fluid located in the area f the scrotal sac in male

water

swelling or herniation

Front 58

ichthyosis

icthy/o

Back 58

inherited dermatological coniditon in which the skin is dry, hyperkeratotic (hardened), and fissured-resembling fish scales

fishlike, scaly

Front 59

integument

Back 59

the skin

Front 60

integumentary system

Back 60

body system consisting of the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous gland

Front 61

keratin

Back 61

a hard fibrous protein found in the epidermis, hair, nails, enamel of the teeth, and horns of animals

Front 62

keratolytic

keat/o

-lytic

Back 62

an agent used to break down or loosen the horny(hardened) layer of the skin

hard, horny; also refers to cornea of the eye

destruction

Front 63

laceration

Back 63

a tear in the skin

Front 64

lanugo

Back 64

soft, very ne hair that covers the body of the developing fetus; this hairy coaing is almost completely gone by birth

Front 65

lesion

Back 65

any visble damage to the tissues of the skin, such as a wound, sore, rash, or boil

Front 66

liocyte

lip/o

-e

Back 66

a fat cell

fat

noun ending

Front 67

lunula

Back 67

the cresecent-shaped pale area at the base of the fingernail or toenail

Front 68

macrophage

macr/o

phag/o

Back 68

lage phagocytic cell (cell that igests microorganisms, other cels, and foreign particles) occurring in the walls of blood vessels and loose connective tissue

large

to eat

Front 69

macule

Back 69

a small, flat discoloration of the skin tha is neiter raised or depressed

Front 70

mast cell

Back 70

a cell (found within the connective tissue) that contains heparin and histamine; these subsances are released fr the mast cell in response to injury an infection

Front 71

melanin

Back 71

a black or dark pigment (produced by melanocytes withing the epiermis) that contributes color to the skin and helps to filter ultraviolet light

Front 72

melanocytes

Back 72

cells responislbe for producing melanin

Front 73

nail body

Back 73

the visible part of the nail

Front 74

nodule

Back 74

a small, circumscribed swelling protuding above the sin

Front 75

oil gland

Back 75

on of the many smal glands located in the dermisl its secretions provide oil to he hair and surroundin skin

Front 76

onycholysis

onych/o

-lysis

Back 76

separation of a fingernail fr its bed, beginning at the free margin. this condition is associated w/ dermatitis of the hand, psoriasis, and fungal infections

nail

destruction or detachment

Front 77

onychomycosis

myc/o

Back 77

any fungal infection of the nails

fungus

Front 78

onychophagia

Back 78

abit of biting the nails

Front 79

pachyderma

pachy

Back 79

abnormal thickening of the skin

thick

Front 80

papule

Back 80

a small, solid, cirumscribed elevation on the skin

Front 81

paronychia

par/o

Back 81

inflammation of the fold of skin surrounding the fingernail; also called runaround

beside, beyond, near

Front 82

pediculosis

Back 82

infestation with lice

Front 83

perspirationt

Back 83

the clear, watey fluid produce by te sweat glands

Front 84

petechia

Back 84

small, pinpoint hemorrhages of the skin

Front 85

pimple

Back 85

a papule or pustule of the skin

Front 86

polyp

Back 86

a small, stalklike growth that protudes upward or outwad fr a mucous membrane surface resembling a mushrom stalk

Front 87

pores

Back 87

openings of the skin through which substances such as water, salts, and some fatty substances are excreted

Front 88

pruritus

Back 88

itching

Front 89

purpura

Back 89

a grop of bleeding disorders characterized by bleeding into the skin and mucous membranes; small, pinpoint hemorrhages

Front 90

pustule

Back 90

a small elevation of the skin filled w/ pus; a sall abscess

Front 91

scales

Back 91

thin flakes of hardened epithelium shed fr the epidermis

Front 92

sebasceous cyst

Back 92

a cyst filled w/a cheesymaterial consisting of sebum and epithelial debris has formed in the duct ofaa sebaceous gland

Front 93

sebaceous gland

Back 93

an oil gland located in the dermis; its secretions provide oil to the hair and surrounding skin

Front 94

sebrrhea

seb/o

-rrhea

Back 94

excssive secretion of sebum, resulting in excessive oiliness or dry scales

sebum

flow, drainage

Front 95

sebum

Back 95

the oily secretion o the sebaceous glands

Front 96

skin tags

Back 96

small brownish or flesh-colored outgrowth of skin occurring frequently on the neck; also known as a cutaneous papilloma

Front 97

squamous epthelial cells

Back 97

flat scalelike cells arranged in laters (strata)

Front 98

squamous epithelium

Back 98

single layer of flattened plateliekcells that cover internal and external body surfaces

Front 99

stratified

Back 99

layered; arranged in layers

Front 100

stratum

Back 100

a uniformly thick sheet or layer of cells

Front 101

stratum basale

Back 101

layer of skin where new cells are continually beign reproduced, pushing older cells toward the outermost surface of skin

Front 102

stratum corneum

Back 102

outermost layer of epidermis(consisting of dead cells tht have converted to keratin, which continually sluffs or flakes away; known as the keratinized(or "horny") cell layer (kerat/o=horn)

Front 103

stretch marks

Back 103

linear tears in the dermis that result fr overstretching fr rapid growth. they begin as pinkish-blue streaks w/jagged edges and may be accompanied by itching. as they heal and lose their color, the stria remain as silvery-white scar lines

Front 104

subcutaneous tissue

Back 104

fatty layer of tissue located beneath the dermis

Front 105

subungual hematoma

Back 105

a collection of blood beneath a nail bed, usually the result of trauma (injury)

Front 106

sudoriferous gland

Back 106

a sweat gland

Front 107

sweat

Back 107

clear, watery fluid produced by the sweat glands; also known as perspiration

Front 108

sweat gland

Back 108

one of the tiny structure within the dermis that produces sweat, which carries waste products to the surface of the skin for excretion

Front 109

telangiectasia

Back 109

the peramnent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules. these dilated vessels may be visible through the skin as tiny red lines. common causes include but are not limited to rosacea, elevated estrogen levels, and actinic

Front 110

ulcer

Back 110

circumscribed, open sore or lesion of the skin that is accompanied by inflammation

Front 111

urticaria

Back 111

a reaction of the skin in which there is an appearance of smooth, slightly elevated patches (wheals) that are redder or paler than the surrounding skin and often accompanied by sever itching (pruritus).

Front 112

vesicle

Back 112

a small thin-walled skin lesion containing clear fluid; a blister

Front 113

vitiligo

Back 113

a sking disorder characterized by nonpigmented white patches of skin of varing sizes that are surrounded by skin w/normal pigmentation

Front 114

wheal

Back 114

circumscribed, slight elevated lesion of the skin that is paler in the cneter than its surrounding edges; hives

Front 115

whitehead

Back 115

a closed comedo, caused by accumlation of keratin and sebum within the opening of a hair follicle; the content within is not easily expressed

Front 116

xanthoderma

Back 116

any yello coloration of the skin

Front 117

xeroderma

Back 117

a chronic skin coniditon characterized by roughness and dryness

Front 118

acne vulgaris

Back 118

common inflammatory disorder seen on the face, chest, back, and neck

Front 119

albinism

Back 119

a condition characterized by absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes

Front 120

burns

Back 120

tissue injury produced by flame, heat, chemicals, radiation, electricity or gas. exten of the damage to the underlying tissue is dertermined by the mode and duration of exposure, the thermal intensity or temperature and the anatomic site of the burn

Front 121

1st degree (superficial)

Back 121

produce redness and swelling of epidermis, are painful, and heal spontaneously w/peeling in about 3-6 days and produce no scar

Front 122

2nd degree (partial-thickenss)

Back 122

exhibit a blistering pink to red color and some swelling, involve the epidermis and upper layer of the dermis, are very sensitive and painful, and heal in approx. 2 wks w/out a scar if no wound infection or trauma occurs during healing process

Front 123

3rd degree (full-thickness)

Back 123

cause tissue damage according to the duration and temp. of heat source, involve massive necrosis of the epidermis and entire dermis, and may include part of the subcutaneous tissue or muscle, appear brown, black, tan, white or deep cherry red and are wet or dry, sunken, with eschar (dry crust) and coagulated capillaries, produce pain according to the amount of nerve tissue involed and will take a long time to heal and will likely require debridements and grafting

Front 124

callus

Back 124

a common thickening of the epidermis @ sites of external pressure or friction, such as the weight-bearing areas of the feet and on the palmar surface of the hands.

Front 125

carcinoma, basal cell

Back 125

most common malignant tumor of the epithelial tissue, occurring most often on areas of the skin exposed to the sun

Front 126

carcinoma, squamous cell

Back 126

malignancy of the squamous (or scalelike) cells of the epithelial tissue, which is a much faster growing cancer than basal cell carcinoma andwhich has a greater potential for meastasis if not treated