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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why does a compass needle point north?
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The needle on the compass lines up with Earth's magnetic field.
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How do scientist know the inner core is solid and the outer core is a liquid?
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Scientists have studied earthquake waves to learn about Earth's core.
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Name three major landforms.
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plains, plateau, mountains
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Describe a plain's elevation and relief.
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Low elevation and low relief
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Describe a plateau's elevation and relief.
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High elevation and low relief
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Describe a mountain's elevation and relief.
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High elevation and high relief
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What is elevation?
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Height above sea level
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What is relief?
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The change in elevation in an area.
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What is a landform?
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Any topographic feature of Earth's crust.
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Name some mountain ranges.
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Himalayas, Appalachians, Rockies
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What % of Earth's surface is covered by oceans?
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More than 70%
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How is gravity responsible for the shape of the earth?
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Earth's gravity caused things to pulled toward the center and gave Earth a sphere shape.
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What is density?
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The amount of mass in a material per unit volume.
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How did density affect the layers of Earth?
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The more dense layers moved to the bottom and the least dense move to the top. The crust is the least dense layer.
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What shape is Earth?
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sphere
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What are names of mountain ranges?
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Rocky, Himalayas, Appalachians
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How does pressure and temperature change with depth?
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Pressure and temperature increase the deeper you are within the earth.
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Which layer is the thinnest?
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crust
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Which layer is the thickest?
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mantle
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Which layer does convection currents cause material to move?
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mantle
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Name the composition of each layer.
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crust = silicon and oxygen
mantle = iron and magnesium outer core = iron inner core = iron |
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Name the state of matter of each layer.
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crust = solid
mantle = solid outer core = liquid inner core = solid asthenophere = plastic |
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What is the diameter of Earth?
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13000 km
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The solar system formed from a cloud of gas, ice, and dust called a ___________________.
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solar nebula
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___________ helped change a cloud of dust, gas, and ice called a nebula, into our solar system.
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Gravity
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What caused Earth to form into a sphere?
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Gravity
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Name a process that occurs rapidly.
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earthquake
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Which Earth system involves layers of gases?
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Atmosphere
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Which Earth system involves Earth's entire solid body?
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Geosphere
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Which Earth system involves water?
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Hydrosphere
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Which Earth system involves all living organisms?
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Biosphere
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Name Earth's layers from the outermost to the innermost.
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crust, mantle, outer core, inner core
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The plastic layer within the mantle is called __________.
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asthenosphere
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Earth's layers formed because of difference in ____________.
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density
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