Chapter 4 Vocabulary

Front 1

Robert Walpole

Back 1

British statesmen who had been regarded as the first prime minister of Great Britain. He had been chosen under the reigns of King George the first and second.

Front 2

Privy Council

Back 2

The Privy Council,committees of advisor's to the British Sovereign.The Council also performs judicial functions, which are for the most part delegated to the Judicial Committee.

Front 3

Benjamin Franklin

Back 3

One of the founding fathers of America, and apart of the first continental congress. He had been an American leader politically, and repeal the stamp act.

Front 4

New France

Back 4

French presence in America in the late 17th century. The fur trade had drawn immigrant French deeper and deeper into the wilderness while missionaries drew large from French Jesuits. The French had ultimately laid the outline of their interior and claim to continental interior.

Front 5

French and Indian war

Back 5

It had been a local North American conflict which English colonists had managed on their own. The British had offered modest support, though it did not help the slightest bit. The British fleet had failed to prevent the landing of large French missions in Canada. The local colonial forces had preoccupied themselves with defending themselves against raids on their western settlements by the Indians. The French and Indian war had lasted nearly nine years and had proceeded in three distinct phases.

Front 6

Stamp Act

Back 6

They were obliged to buy stamps for ships and paper, legal documents. Even business owners were required to buy stamps and had not been able to with such a high tax on such things that were absolutely needed. The stamp act however was classified as a direct attempt from England to raise revenue in the colonies without the consent or without resistance.

Front 7

Sons of Liberty

Back 7

The sons of liberty which Adams had organized, in Massachusetts became a source of power. The sons of Liberty existed in every colony. Their most popular objective was to force Stamp Distributors throughout the colonies to resign. The groups also applied pressure to any Merchants who did not comply with the non-importation associations.

Front 8

Boston Massacre

Back 8

Incident that led to the deaths of five civilians at the hands of British troops on March 5, 1770, the legal aftermath of which helped spark the rebellion in some of the British American colonies, which culminated in the American Revolutionary War.

Front 9

Samuel Adams

Back 9

One of the founding fathers of America. he was leading statesman and had been a leader of the American revolution and the sons of liberty.

Front 10

Gaspee incident

Back 10

A group of revolutionary colonists had Boarded the British revenue ship, and set it afire. they were not granted an American trial, yet they were issued a special trial in Britain.

Front 11

Paltry Wages

Back 11

Wages which were given to those who had worked for the british and had been accustomed to the acts that were put upon them.

Front 12

Albany Plan

Back 12

In June of 1754, representatives from seven colonies met with 150 Iroquois Chiefs in Albany, New York. The purposes of the Albany Congress were twofold; to try to secure the support and cooperation of the Iroquois in fighting the French, and to form a colonial alliance based on a design by Benjamin Franklin.

Front 13

Louis XVI

Back 13

King of france in the 16th century, had applied a harsh rule over france, and he had been the first king ever to have been executed by the guillotine.

Front 14

Missionary Zeal

Back 14

The religious spects ogf the community had been accustomed to spreading their religion.

Front 15

Louis Joilet

Back 15

French Canadian explorer known for his discoveries in North America. Jolliet and Jesuit Father Jacques Marquette, a Catholic priest and missionary, were the first Europeans to explore and map the much of the Mississippi River in 1673

Front 16

father Jacques marquette

Back 16

French Jesuit missionary who founded Michigan's first European settlement,and later founded St. Ignace, Michigan. In 1673 Father Marquette and Louis Jolliet were the first Europeans to see and map the northern portion of the Mississippi River.

Front 17

Rene Robert Cavalier

Back 17

French explorer. He explored the Great Lakes region of the United States and Canada, the Mississippi River, and the Gulf of Mexico. La Salle claimed the entire Mississippi River basin for France.

Front 18

The Iroquois confederacy

Back 18

The Iroquois Confederacy was a sophisticated political and social system. It united the territories of the five nations.

Front 19

King Williams war

Back 19

A great war fought against the English, and French, as well as the American Indian allies.

Front 20

Fort necessity

Back 20

Early battle site of the French and Indian war, located in Pennsylvania.

Front 21

William Pitt

Back 21

youngest prime minister of britain. he was chancellor of the privy council, he had been appointed during the reign of George the third.

Front 22

siege of quebec

Back 22

battle of of Quebec, between the American forces and the French who were under the rule of Quebec. one of the first battles of the revolutionary war.

Front 23

peace of paris

Back 23

Treaty which had ended the French and Indian war nine years after it had started.

Front 24

proclamation of 1763

Back 24

Settlers were prohibited from crossing the Appalachians

Front 25

Greenville ministry

Back 25

The Greenville ministry had moved to increase its authority in the colonies in more direct ways. Regular British troops, London announced would now be stationed permanently in America.

Front 26

Sugar act

Back 26

Greenville had enforced a tax on molasses and sugar which had reduced the rate of production. the new act had angered colonists even greater.

Front 27

Currency act

Back 27

the parliament had prohibited the issuing of any new bills, and controlled the current currency system.

Front 28

Paxton boys

Back 28

In Pennsylvania, a group of Scots-Irish settlers called the Paxton Boys marched on Philadelphia in 1764 to protest the Quakers' friendly Native American policy.

Front 29

regulatory movement

Back 29

Movement which would ensue the civil rights of the colonists in America.

Front 30

Virginia resolves

Back 30

series of resolutions passed by the Virginia assembly in response to the stamp act of 1765.

Front 31

Paltry Wages

Back 31

Wages which were given to those who had worked for the british and had been accustomed to the acts that were put upon them.

Front 32

Albany Plan

Back 32

In June of 1754, representatives from seven colonies met with 150 Iroquois Chiefs in Albany, New York. The purposes of the Albany Congress were twofold; to try to secure the support and cooperation of the Iroquois in fighting the French, and to form a colonial alliance based on a design by Benjamin Franklin.

Front 33

Louis XVI

Back 33

King of france in the 16th century, had applied a harsh rule over france, and he had been the first king ever to have been executed by the guillotine.

Front 34

Missionary Zeal

Back 34

The religious spects ogf the community had been accustomed to spreading their religion.

Front 35

Louis Joilet

Back 35

French Canadian explorer known for his discoveries in North America. Jolliet and Jesuit Father Jacques Marquette, a Catholic priest and missionary, were the first Europeans to explore and map the much of the Mississippi River in 1673