Chapter 4 Vocab Flashcards Zak Bassett

Front 1

A case that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data.

Back 1

System Unit

Front 2

It is the main circuit board of the system unit also known as the system board

Back 2

Motherboard

Front 3

A small piece of semiconducting material, usually silicon, on which integrated circuits are etched.

Back 3

chip

Front 4

Interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.

Back 4

CPU

Front 5

A chip with 2 or more seperate processor cores

Back 5

Multi-core processor

Front 6

The component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.

Back 6

Control Unit

Front 7

Another component of the processor that performs arithmetic, comparison,and other operations.

Back 7

ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)

Front 8

A small quartz crystal circuit used to control the timing of all computer operations.

Back 8

System clock

Front 9

The pace of the System clock.

Back 9

clock speed

Front 10

(1) fetching (2) decoding (3) executing (4) storing

Back 10

The 4 steps in the Machine Cycle

Front 11

a number system that has just two unique digits, 0 and 1

Back 11

binary system

Front 12

the smallest unit of data the computer can process

Back 12

bit

Front 13

it provides enough different combinations of 0s and 1s to represent 256 individual characters and is the basic storage unit in memory

Back 13

byte

Front 14

consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data needed by those instructions, and the results of processing the data

Back 14

memory

Front 15

the type of memory that loses its contents when the power is turned off

Back 15

volatile memory

Front 16

the type of memory that keeps its content even when the power is off

Back 16

nonvolatile memory

Front 17

also called main memory, consists of memory chips that can be read from and written to by the processor and other devices

Back 17

RAM memory

Front 18

refers to memory chips storing permanent data and instructions

Back 18

ROM memory

Front 19

a small circuit board where RAM chips usually reside on

Back 19

memory module

Front 20

these things hold memory modules on the motherboard

Back 20

memory slot

Front 21

A process that stores frequently used instructions and data.

Back 21

Cache

Front 22

Helps speed the processes of the computer because it stores frequently used instructions and data.

Back 22

Memory Cache

Front 23

Built directly in the processor chip

Back 23

L1 Cache

Front 24

Is slightly slower than L1 cache but has a much larger capacity, ranging from 64 KB to 16 MB.

Back 24

L2 Cache

Front 25

Memory chips storing permanent data and instructions.

Back 25

ROM(Read-only memory)

Front 26

A type non-volatile memory than can be erased electronically and rewritten.

Back 26

Flash Memory

Front 27

Uses battery power to retain information even when the power to the computer is off.

Back 27

CMOS

Front 28

The amount of time it takes the processor to read data, instructions, and information from memory.

Back 28

Access Time

Front 29

One billionth of a second.

Back 29

nanosecond

Front 30

A socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.

Back 30

Expansion slot

Front 31

A circuit board that enhances functions of a component of the system unit and/or provides connection to peripherals.

Back 31

Adapter card

Front 32

A nickname for an adapter card.

Back 32

Expansion card

Front 33

A device that connects to the system unit and is controlled by the processor in the computer.

Back 33

peripheral

Front 34

converts computer output into a video signal that travels through a cable to the monitor, which displays an image on the screen

Back 34

video card

Front 35

enhances the sound-generating capabilities of a personal computer allowing sound to be input through a microphone and other sound equipment

Back 35

sound card

Front 36

nickname for video card

Back 36

graphics card

Front 37

a removable flash memory device, usually no bigger then 1.5" in height or width, that you insert and remove from a slot in a pc or other system

Back 37

memory card

Front 38

the point at which a peripheral attaches to or communicates with a system unit so that the peropheral can send data to or receive information from the computer

Back 38

port

Front 39

can connect up to 127 different peripherals together witha single connector

Back 39

USB port(universal serial bus)

Front 40

it can connect multiple types of devices that require faster data transmission speeds to a single connector

Back 40

FireWire Port

Front 41

a special high-speed parallel port that allows you to attach peripherals

Back 41

SCSI port

Front 42

an external device that provides connections to peripherals through ports built into the device

Back 42

port replicator

Front 43

an external device that connects or attaches to a mobile computer or device, contains a power connection and provides connections to peripherals

Back 43

docking station

Front 44

electrical channel in which bits transfer internally within the circuitry of the computer

Back 44

bus

Front 45

part of the motherboard which connects the processor to cache

Back 45

system bus

Front 46

nickname for system bus

Back 46

front side bus

Front 47

connects the processor to cache

Back 47

backside bus(BSB)

Front 48

allows the processor to communicate with peripherals

Back 48

expansion bus

Front 49

an opening inside the system unit in which you can install additional equipment

Back 49

bay

Front 50

a rectangular opening that typically holds disk drives

Back 50

drive bay

Front 51

the component of the system unit that convert the wall outlet AC power into DC power

Back 51

power supply

Front 52

can of compressed air, lint-free antistatic wipes and swabs, screen cleaning solution, small computer vaccum, antistatic, wristband, small screwdrivers

Back 52

list of items to clean your computer

Front 53

turn off and even unplug, remove batteries, disconnect all cables from the ports

Back 53

step 1 of cleaning process of your computer

Front 54

use compressed air to blow away dust from any openings on the computer

Back 54

step 2 of cleaning process of your computer

Front 55

wipe with the antistatic wipe to clean the exterior of the case

Back 55

step 3 of cleaning process of your computer

Front 56

cleaning solution on a soft cloth to clean the screen

Back 56

step 4 of cleaning process of your computer