Chapter 4 Terms Of _Inquiry Into Life_

Front 1

Fluid-mosaic model

Back 1

the description of the plasma membrane that the proteins are scattered either just outside or within the membrane, forming a mosaic pattern

Front 2

Glycolipids

Back 2

lipids in the plasma membrane with carbohydrate chains attached to them

Front 3

Glycoproteins

Back 3

proteins in the plasma membrane with carbohydrates chains attached to them

Front 4

Channel proteins

Back 4

allows a particular molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane freely

Front 5

Carrier proteins

Back 5

selectively interacts with a specific molecule or ion so that it can cross the plasma membrane

Front 6

Receptor protein

Back 6

is shaped in such a way that a specific molecule can bind to it

Front 7

Enzymatic proteins

Back 7

carry out metabolic reactions directly

Front 8

Cell recognition proteins

Back 8

give the cell a "sugar coat", or glycocalyx

Front 9

Differentially permeable

Back 9

some substances can freely move across the membrane and some can't

Front 10

Concentration gradient

Back 10

the proper moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 11

Diffusion

Back 11

the movement of molecules from a high to a lower concentration

Front 12

Solute

Back 12

the thing being dissolved

Front 13

Solvent

Back 13

the liquid dissolving the thing

Front 14

Osmosis

Back 14

movement of water across a differentially permeable membrane due to concentration differences

Front 15

Isotonic solution

Back 15

when the percentage of solute and the concentration of water both inside and outside the cell aer equal

Front 16

Hypotonic (Hyperosmotic) solution

Back 16

when there's more water (less solute) outside cell--> water rushes into cell--> cell swells/bursts

Front 17

Hypertonic (Hypoosmotic) solution

Back 17

When there is more water (less osluet) inside cell--> water rushes out of cell-->cell shrinks/wilts

Front 18

Turgor pressure

Back 18

when plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution-->vacuole expands-->cytoplasm expands--> pressure against cytoplasm and plasma membrane

Front 19

Plasmolyosis

Back 19

Shrinking of the cytoplasm in a plant cell due to osmosis

Front 20

Facilitated transport

Back 20

when carrier protein speeds the rate at which a molecule crosses a membrane from higher to lower concentration

Front 21

Active transport

Back 21

when the carrier protein uses energy to move a molecule across the membrane from lower to higher concentration

Front 22

Exocytosis

Back 22

When vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane as secretion occurs

Front 23

Endocytosis

Back 23

when cells take in substances by vesicle formation

Front 24

Phagocytosis

Back 24

when the material taken in by endocytosis is big

Front 25

Pinocytosis

Back 25

when vesicles form around a liquid or around very small particles

Front 26

Receptor-mediated endocytosis

Back 26

form of pinocytosis.molecules first bind to specific receptor proteins at a coated pit. vesicle that formscontains the molecules and their receptors