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10 Cards in this Set

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Mercantilism
An economic theory stating that a country becomes wealthy and powerful if it is strong in trade. England believed in this, thinking that the colonies should benefit the home country. They also believed that a country should export more than they imported so that money would keep flowing steadily into the country.
Export
To send or trade goods to markets outside of a country. The colonies exported their goods to the East Indies, West Africa, and England.
Import
Imports are goods that are brought into a country from another. England imported goods from the Thirteen Colonies.
Navigation Acts
In the 1650’s, the English Parliament passed a series of laws that were known as The Navigation Acts. The laws controlled trade strictly between England and the colonies so that only England could benefit from the profits. For example, only colonial or English ships could carry goods too and from the colonies. Certain goods could only be sent to England; like tobacco and cotton. It helped the colonies ensure their trade with England and build more ships. Though, sometimes, these acts were ignored.
Yankee
The term used to describe a merchant in New England. They dominated the colonial trade and were known for gaining from any given deal. The nickname that they were given (Yankee) implied that they were hardworking and clever.
Triangular Trade
Though Triangular Trade is used to describe trade between any three ports, it is most often used to describe the routes between England, West Africa, the Thirteen Colonies, and the East Indies. In this case, it means between England, the East Indies, and the thirteen English Colonies. Goods such as fish would be brought from New England to the West Indies where they would buy molasses and sugar. They would then make rum and send it to England along with gunpowder, guns, and other tools.
Legislature
A legislature is a body of government with the power to make and pass laws. In most cases, a legislature was made up of an upper and lower house, appointed and elected. They would have the “power of the purse”, or the right to raise taxes and spend money. Legislatures put an important limit on the governor’s power.
Glorious Revolution
In 1688, the English Parliament forcibly removed King James II from the throne and asked William and Mary from the Netherlands to rule in his place. In turn, they signed the English Bill of Rights in 1689, protecting the rights of individuals.
Bill of Rights
Any bill of rights is a written list of freedoms that the government promises to protect. For example, the English Bill of Rights and US Constitution are examples of bill of rights.
English Bill of Rights
Signed in 1689, the English bill of rights protected the rights of individuals. It gave anyone who was accused of a crime the right to a trial with a fair jury. The bill also involved checks on a ruler’s power, stating that the ruler could not raise taxes or an army without first going to the Parliament. This idea is still used to today. For example, the President of the United States cannot declare war without the approval of the Congress.