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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sensorimotor stage
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first stage in piagets theory of cognitive development, birth to age 2 (sensory input and motor actions)
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preoperational stage
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2nd stage in piaget's theory of cognitive development; (2-7), full emergence of represenaional thought
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egocentrism
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tendency to view world from one's own perspective without recognizing that others may have different points of view
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conservation
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understanding that certain physical properties of object remain unchanged despite superficial changes
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concrete operational stage
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third stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development, 7-11, time when child can perform concrete mental operations on tangible objects or events and gradually engage in logical reasoning
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formal operational
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4th stage and final stage, (11+) person is able to reason abstractly & make predictions about hypothetical situations
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theory of mind
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commonsense knowledge about other's mental states that allow us to understand/ predict behavior of others behavior in specific situations (Vygotsky)
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private speech
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overt language; not directed to others, but is self directed (Vygotsky)
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internalization
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process of cognition in which people absorb knowledge from their social surroundings (Vygotsky)
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zone of proximal development (ZPD)
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cognitive range between what a child can do on her or his own and what the child can do with the help of adults or more skilled children
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metacognition
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awareness and understanding of one's own cognitive process
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preconventional moraliy
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1st level of moral reasoning in Kohlberg's theory of moral development; Avoid punishment seek rewards
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Conventional Morality
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2nd level of moral reasoning in kohlberg's theory of moral development; conforming to social norms
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Post conventional morality
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3rd and final level of moral reasoning moral judgements based on abstract principles
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adolescens
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transition between childhood and adulthood
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Emerging Adulthood
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stage of life for some individuals from late teens to mid 20s, when they are relatively free of adult responsibility
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puberty
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growth period of sexual maturation during which a person becomes capable of reproducing
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primary sex chareteristics
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body organ that makes reproduction possible
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secondary sex charecteristics
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non reproductive
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Imaginary audience
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adolescents' beleif that their thoughts, feelings and behavior are being judged by all
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personal fable
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tendency for adolescents to believe that their experiences and feelings are unique
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Ethnic Indentity
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person's sense of personal identification witha particular ethnic group
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midlife crissis
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stressful period in life when adults review and reevaluate their lives
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Aging
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progressive deterioration of body that culminates in death
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menopause
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ending of menstruation
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Activity Theory of Aging
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theory that keeping physically and mentally active is important for life satisfaction in the late adulthood
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Ageism
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prejudice or discrimination against ppl based on age
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productive aging
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perspective that elderly adults are capable of making valuable contributions to society
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alzheimers disease
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progressive brain disorder, causes memory loss a other symptoms
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wisdom
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expert knowledge and judgement about important, difficult and uncertain questions associated with the meaning and conduct of life
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